Precision Measurement of the Boron to Carbon Flux Ratio in Cosmic Rays from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Affiliations
- 1 Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
- 2 I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
- 3 INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
- 4 Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
- 5 Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
- 6 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
- 7 DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
- 8 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
- 9 INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
- 10 INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
- 11 Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- 12 Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
- 13 Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
- 14 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
- 15 Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
- 16 Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- 17 Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
- 18 INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
- 19 Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
- 20 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
- 21 Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
- 22 Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 23 Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
- 24 CNR-IROE, I-50125 Firenze, Italy.
- 25 INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
- 26 Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
- 27 National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan.
- 28 Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100 China.
- 29 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- 30 INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
- 31 Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
- 32 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- 33 Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- 34 Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
- 35 Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
- 36 Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
- 37 Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
- 38 Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
- 39 National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan.
- 40 CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
- 41 Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- 42 National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
- 43 Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China.
- 44 IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
- 45 East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
- PMID: 27982618
- DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.231102
Precision Measurement of the Boron to Carbon Flux Ratio in Cosmic Rays from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Authors
Affiliations
- 1 Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
- 2 I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
- 3 INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
- 4 Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
- 5 Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
- 6 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
- 7 DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
- 8 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
- 9 INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
- 10 INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
- 11 Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- 12 Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
- 13 Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
- 14 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
- 15 Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
- 16 Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- 17 Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
- 18 INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
- 19 Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
- 20 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
- 21 Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
- 22 Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 23 Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France.
- 24 CNR-IROE, I-50125 Firenze, Italy.
- 25 INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
- 26 Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
- 27 National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan.
- 28 Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100 China.
- 29 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- 30 INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
- 31 Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
- 32 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- 33 Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- 34 Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
- 35 Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
- 36 Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
- 37 Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
- 38 Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
- 39 National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan.
- 40 CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea.
- 41 Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- 42 National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
- 43 Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China.
- 44 IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
- 45 East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
- PMID: 27982618
- DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.231102
Abstract
Knowledge of the rigidity dependence of the boron to carbon flux ratio (B/C) is important in understanding the propagation of cosmic rays. The precise measurement of the B/C ratio from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV, based on 2.3 million boron and 8.3 million carbon nuclei collected by AMS during the first 5 years of operation, is presented. The detailed variation with rigidity of the B/C spectral index is reported for the first time. The B/C ratio does not show any significant structures in contrast to many cosmic ray models that require such structures at high rigidities. Remarkably, above 65 GV, the B/C ratio is well described by a single power law R^{Δ} with index Δ=-0.333±0.014(fit)±0.005(syst), in good agreement with the Kolmogorov theory of turbulence which predicts Δ=-1/3 asymptotically.
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