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Meta-Analysis
. 2016 Dec 15;8(12):810.
doi: 10.3390/nu8120810.

Abdominal Obesity and Lung Cancer Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Khemayanto Hidayat  1 , Xuan Du  2 , Guochong Chen  3 , Minhua Shi  4 , Bimin Shi  5
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Abdominal Obesity and Lung Cancer Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Khemayanto Hidayat et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Several meta-analyses of observational studies have been performed to examine the association between general obesity, as measured by body mass index (BMI), and lung cancer. These meta-analyses suggest an inverse relation between high BMI and this cancer. In contrast to general obesity, abdominal obesity appears to play a role in the development of lung cancer. However, the association between abdominal obesity (as measured by waist circumference (WC) (BMI adjusted) and waist to hip ratio (WHR)) and lung cancer is not fully understood due to sparse available evidence regarding this association. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for studies assessing the association between abdominal obesity and lung cancer up to October 2016. The summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model. Six prospective cohort studies with 5827 lung cancer cases among 831,535 participants were included in our meta-analysis. Each 10 cm increase in WC and 0.1 unit increase in WHR were associated with 10% (RR 1.10; 95% CI 1.04, 1.17; I² = 27.7%, p-heterogeneity = 0.198) and 5% (RR 1.05; 95% CI 1.00, 1.11; I² = 25.2%, p-heterogeneity = 0.211) greater risks of lung cancer, respectively. According to smoking status, greater WHR was only positively associated with lung cancer among former smokers (RR 1.11; 95% CI 1.00, 1.23). In contrast, greater WC was associated with increased lung cancer risk among never smokers (RR 1.11; 95% CI 1.00, 1.23), former smokers (RR 1.12; 95% CI 1.03, 1.22) and current smokers (RR 1.16; 95% CI 1.08, 1.25). The summary RRs for highest versus lowest categories of WC and WHR were 1.32 (95% CI 1.13, 1.54; I² = 18.2%, p-heterogeneity = 0.281) and 1.10 (95% CI 1.00, 1.23; I² = 24.2%, p-heterogeneity = 0.211), respectively. In summary, abdominal obesity may play an important role in the development of lung cancer.

Keywords: abdominal obesity; central obesity; dose-response; lung cancer; waist circumference; waist to hip ratio.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Forest plot for linear dose-response analysis on waist circumference and lung cancer risk, per 10 cm increase. All risk estimates for waist circumference were additionally adjusted for body mass index (BMI); (B) forest plot for linear dose-response analysis on waist circumference and lung cancer risk stratified by smoking status. CI confidence interval; RR relative risk.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Forest plot for linear dose-response analysis on waist circumference and lung cancer risk, per 10 cm increase. All risk estimates for waist circumference were additionally adjusted for body mass index (BMI); (B) forest plot for linear dose-response analysis on waist circumference and lung cancer risk stratified by smoking status. CI confidence interval; RR relative risk.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Forest plot for linear dose-response analysis on waist to hip ratio and lung cancer risk, per 0.1 unit increase; (B) forest plot for linear dose-response analysis on waist to hip ratio and lung cancer risk stratified by smoking status. CI confidence interval; RR relative risk.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Forest plot for linear dose-response analysis on waist to hip ratio and lung cancer risk, per 0.1 unit increase; (B) forest plot for linear dose-response analysis on waist to hip ratio and lung cancer risk stratified by smoking status. CI confidence interval; RR relative risk.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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