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Clinical Trial
. 2016 Dec 19;11(12):e0168491.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168491. eCollection 2016.

Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Co-Morbid Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Edward Zimbudzi  1   2 , Clement Lo  2   3 , Sanjeeva Ranasinha  2 , Martin Gallagher  4   5 , Gregory Fulcher  6   7 , Peter G Kerr  1 , Grant Russell  8 , Helena Teede  2   3 , Tim Usherwood  9   10 , Rowan Walker  11 , Sophia Zoungas  2   3   9
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Co-Morbid Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Edward Zimbudzi et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: People living with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience compromised quality of life. Consequently, it is critical to identify and understand factors influencing their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study examined factors associated with HRQoL among patients with diabetes and CKD.

Methods: A cross sectional study among adults with comorbid diabetes and CKD (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m2) recruited from renal and diabetes clinics of four large tertiary referral hospitals in Australia was performed. Each participant completed the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQoL ™ -36) questionnaire, which is comprised of two composite measures of physical and mental health and 3 kidney disease specific subscales with possible scores ranging from 0 to 100 with higher values indicating better HRQoL. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. Regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between HRQoL and potential predictor factors.

Results: A total of 308 patients were studied with a mean age of 66.9 (SD = 11.0) years and 70% were males. Mean scores for the physical composite summary, mental composite summary, symptom/problem list, effects of kidney disease and burden of kidney disease scales were 35.2, 47.0, 73.8, 72.5 and 59.8 respectively. Younger age was associated with lower scores in all subscales except for the physical composite summary. Female gender, obese or normal weight rather than overweight, and smoking were all associated with lower scores in one or more subscales. Scores were progressively lower with more advanced stage of CKD (p<0.05) in all subscales except for the mental composite summary.

Conclusion: In patients with diabetes and CKD, younger age was associated with lower scores in all HRQoL subscales except the physical composite summary and female gender, obese or normal weight and more advanced stages of CKD were associated with lower scores in one or more subscales. Identifying these factors will inform the timely implementation of interventions to improve the quality of life of these patients.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Mean scores for the physical composite summary (PCS), mental composite summary (MCS), symptom/problem list (SPL), effects of kidney disease (EKD) and burden of kidney disease (BKD) subscales.
*- Scores significantly different between men and women (p<0.05)
Fig 2
Fig 2. Summary of factors predicting health-related quality of life in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease.
ĭThe regression coefficient is for a one year increase in age; * p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001; SES-Socio Economic Status; DM-Diabetes Mellitus; CKD-Chronic Kidney Disease; CVD-Cardiovascular Disease; BMI-Body Mass Index.
Fig 3
Fig 3. The mean for the health related quality of life subscales.
(A) physical composite summary, (B) mental composite summary, (C) symptom problem list, (D) effect of kidney disease and (E) burden of kidney disease scores by stage of kidney disease. Error bars are 95% CI.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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