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. 2016 Oct-Dec;7(4):451-456.
doi: 10.4103/0976-237X.194108.

Estimation of salivary sialic acid in oral premalignancy and oral squamous cell carcinoma

Vishakha Chaudhari  1 , G L Pradeep  1 , Nilima Prakash  1 , Aarti M Mahajan  1
Affiliations

Estimation of salivary sialic acid in oral premalignancy and oral squamous cell carcinoma

Vishakha Chaudhari et al. Contemp Clin Dent. 2016 Oct-Dec.

Abstract

Aims: Oral cancer is the most life-threatening disease of oral tissues. In societies where the incidence of oral cancer is high, clinically recognizable premalignant lesions are particularly common. Diagnosing oral cancers at an early stage is critical in improving the survival rate and reducing the morbidity associated with the disease. Alterations in the sialic acid levels in cancer patients have stimulated interest in this sugar residue as a possible tumor marker.

Settings and design: The purpose of this study was to estimate the salivary sialic acid levels in patients with oral premalignancy and squamous cell carcinoma and to correlate it with their grades to develop a cost-effective and noninvasive diagnostic parameter.

Materials and methods: Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from the groups under study and subjected to biochemical analysis for determination of sialic acid levels.

Statistical analysis used: The salivary sialic acid levels were correlated with the clinical stage and histological grade by one-way ANOVA (SPSS software version 15).

Results: Salivary sialic acid was elevated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) compared to oral premalignancy and control group. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the grades of squamous cell carcinoma, grades of dysplasia in premalignancy, and sialic acid level.

Conclusion and clinical significance: Evaluation of salivary sialic acid levels in premalignant and malignant lesions can serve as a screening tool. The mortality and morbidity of OSCC can be reduced if the lesions are diagnosed in early precancerous states using such noninvasive diagnostic methods for screening and monitoring of the population.

Keywords: Leukoplakia; oral squamous cell carcinoma; saliva; sialic acid.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Graph 1
Graph 1
Distribution of oral squamous cell carcinoma cases according to the tumor-node-metastasis staging system by the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Result Reporting (1967)
Graph 2
Graph 2
Distribution of cases of leukoplakia based on clinical staging according to the lesion size, site of lesion, clinical aspects, pathological aspects-classification system
Graph 3
Graph 3
Distribution of cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma group according to Bryne's grading system
Graph 4
Graph 4
Distribution of cases in premalignant group according to histopathologic grade of dysplasia by the WHO
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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