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. 2016 Nov 25;13(12):963-969.
doi: 10.7150/ijms.16381. eCollection 2016.

Decreased Tumor Suppressor Candidate 3 Predicts Poor Prognosis of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Xinshuang Yu  1 , Jiandong Zhang  1 , Hua Zhong  2 , Fengjun Liu  1 , Ning Liang  1 , Yao Wang  3 , Xiangjiao Meng  4 , Juan Du  5
Affiliations

Decreased Tumor Suppressor Candidate 3 Predicts Poor Prognosis of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Xinshuang Yu et al. Int J Med Sci. .

Abstract

TUSC3 was recently identified as a potential tumor suppressor gene in a variety of human malignancies. However, no data are currently available regarding the expressions of TUSC3 in esophageal cancer (ESCC).The purposes of this study was to investigated the expressions of TUSC3 in ESCC tissues and assess the relationship between TUSC3 levels and clinico-pathological characteristics of ESCC patients. TUSC3 protein expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarray slides in esophageal cancer, which included 95 esophageal squamous carcinoma specimens (ESCC), and 75 normal esophageal mucosa (NEM). We found that TUSC3 in ESCC was significant lower than that in NEM (P=0.000). According to multi-clinical classifications, TUSC3 level varied significantly with TNM stage, T stage, and N stage (p<0.001, p=0.0368, p<0.0001, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that gender, TNM stage, T stage, N stage, TUSC3 expression were prognostic factors for survival. Multivariate analysis showed that in our study, only TUSC3 expression was independent prognostic factors for ESCC. Our results indicated for the first time, a combined analysis of TUSC3 expressions as well as the clinical variables will help predict the prognosis of ESCC patients. Further large-sample validation and functional analysis should be performed to evaluate its potential prognostic and therapeutic values for ESCC patients.

Keywords: Biomarker; Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); Overall survival (OS); Prognosis.; Tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Immunohistochemical staining of TUSC3 in human esophageal cancers. A. normal esophageal mucosa; B. esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Figure 2
Figure 2
TUSC3 expressions were compared among different clinico-pathological groups. TUSC3 expressions were compared among different clinical TNM staging in ESCC patients (A); TUSC3 expressions were compared among the various T stages (B), N stages (C), pathological differentiated degrees (D) and mass location(E). The rank sum test was used to analyze the differences between groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation between TUSC3 expressions and different clinico-pathological characteristics. Correlations between TUSC3 expressions and clinical TNM staging were analyzed in ESCC patients (A). The correlations between TUSC3 expressions and the different T stages (B) and N stages(C) were analyzed. Differentiated degrees(D) and mass location(E) were analyzed in ESCC. The Spearman correlation method was used to evaluate the association of scores.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Kaplan-Meier analysis of the correlation between TUSC3 expression and overall survival in ESCC patients. Patients with low TUSC3 expression had significantly shorter overall survival (P<0.0001).
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