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. 2016 Dec 9:12:3129-3144.
doi: 10.2147/NDT.S118614. eCollection 2016.

Associations between dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia risk: a PRISMA compliant meta-analysis

Hairong He  1 , Huanhuan Wu  2 , Lihong Yang  1 , Fan Gao  1 , Yajuan Fan  3 , Junqin Feng  3 , Xiancang Ma  4
Affiliations

Associations between dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia risk: a PRISMA compliant meta-analysis

Hairong He et al. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. .

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationships between dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of schizophrenia using meta-analysis.

Method: The PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched to identify relevant literature published up to February 2016. The allele contrast model was used. Stata software was used for statistical analysis, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated to evaluate the associations between dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of schizophrenia. Meta-regression and publication bias, trim-and-fill, subgroup, sensitivity, cumulative, and fail-safe number analyses were also performed.

Results: This meta-analysis included 81 studies. The rs1801028 and rs1799732 were associated with schizophrenia risk among Asians (P=0.04, OR =1.25, 95% CI =1.01-1.55; P<0.01, OR =0.76, 95% CI =0.63-0.92, respectively), while the rs6277 was associated with schizophrenia risk in Caucasians (P<0.01, OR=0.72, 95% CI =0.66-0.79). The rs1800497 was also associated with schizophrenia risk in population-based controls (P<0.01, OR =0.84, 95% CI =0.72-0.97). The rs6275, rs1079597, and rs1800498 were not associated with schizophrenia risk. In addition, meta-regression indicated that the controls may be sources of heterogeneity for the rs1801028 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), while ethnicity may be sources of heterogeneity for the rs6277 SNP. Publication bias was significant for the rs1801028 SNP, and this result changed after the publication bias was adjusted using the trim-and-fill method.

Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that the rs1801028 may be a risk factor for susceptibility to schizophrenia among Asians, while the rs1799732 may be a protective factor for that population. Large-sample studies are necessary to verify the results of this meta-analysis.

Keywords: dopamine D2 receptor; polymorphisms; schizophrenia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the study selection process. Abbreviations: CNKI, China National Knowledge Infrastructure; DRD2, dopamine D2 receptor.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Calculated OR and 95% CI for the associations between DRD2 gene polymorphism and schizophrenia risk. Notes: (A) rs1801028; (B) rs6277; (C) rs1799732; (D) rs1800497. weights are from random effects analysis. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; DRD2, dopamine D2 receptor; OR, odds ratio.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Calculated OR and 95% CI for the associations between DRD2 gene polymorphism and schizophrenia risk. Notes: (A) rs1801028; (B) rs6277; (C) rs1799732; (D) rs1800497. weights are from random effects analysis. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; DRD2, dopamine D2 receptor; OR, odds ratio.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sensitivity analysis via deletion of each individual study reflecting the relative influence of each individual dataset on the pooled ORs for the rs1801028. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cumulative meta-analyses according to publication year for the rs1801028.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Trim-and-fill plot to correct publication bias for the rs1801028. Abbreviation: SE, standard error.
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