Reversible MRI findings in a case of acute intermittent porphyria with a novel mutation in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene

Abstract

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a partial deficiency of porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), the third enzyme in the of heme biosynthetic pathway. It can affect the autonomic, peripheral, and central nervous system. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a clinicoradiological entity characterized by headache, seizures, altered consciousness, and visual disorder associated with potentially reversible neuroradiological abnormalities predominantly in the parieto-occipital lobes. Establishing accurate diagnoses of the patient and asymptomatic family members with AIP involves identifying the PBGD enzyme mutations directly. In this study, we report a 28-year-old woman with acute intermittent porphyria who presented with radiological manifestations suggestive of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, she had a novel PBGD frame shift mutation, base 875 and 876 have been deleted resulting in glutamine to a stop codon (Gln292fs), in a Chinese family.

Keywords: Acute porphyria; Gene mutation; Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.