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Review
. 2017 Mar;55(3):693-702.
doi: 10.1128/JCM.01868-16. Epub 2016 Dec 28.

Testing for Cytomegalovirus in Pregnancy

Alda Saldan  1 , Gabriella Forner  1 , Carlo Mengoli  1 , Nadia Gussetti  2 , Giorgio Palù  1 , Davide Abate  3
Affiliations
Review

Testing for Cytomegalovirus in Pregnancy

Alda Saldan et al. J Clin Microbiol. 2017 Mar.

Abstract

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection represents a relevant cause of deafness and neurological damage in newborns. Intrauterine CMV transmission might result after primary or nonprimary infections, though at different rates (30% versus 0.2%, respectively). At present, a prenatal diagnosis of CMV infection is based mainly on maternal serology, the detection of CMV-DNA in amniotic fluid and fetal blood, and ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recent evidences suggest that congenital CMV infection may be an immune-mediated disease and that evaluation of humoral and especially T-cell immunities may improve the overall prenatal diagnosis. This review summarizes the most recent advancements in the diagnosis of maternal and prenatal CMV infections.

Keywords: CMV-ELISPOT; CMV-QuantiFERON; IgG avidity; congenital infections; human cytomegalovirus; imaging; immunoserology; laboratory assays.

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Figures

FIG 1
FIG 1
cCMV diagnosis flowchart. The novel findings on cCMV diagnosis are indicated in light gray. Relevant references for cCMV diagnosis are also reported.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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