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Multicenter Study
. 2017 Feb:257:1-8.
doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.12.012. Epub 2016 Dec 10.

Thoracic aortic calcium, cardiovascular disease events, and all-cause mortality in asymptomatic individuals with zero coronary calcium: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Joonseok Kim  1 , Matthew J Budoff  2 , Khurram Nasir  3 , Nathan D Wong  4 , Joseph Yeboah  5 , Mouaz H Al-Mallah  6 , Steve Shea  7 , Zeina A Dardari  8 , Roger S Blumenthal  8 , Michael J Blaha  9 , Miguel Cainzos-Achirica  10
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Thoracic aortic calcium, cardiovascular disease events, and all-cause mortality in asymptomatic individuals with zero coronary calcium: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Joonseok Kim et al. Atherosclerosis. 2017 Feb.

Abstract

Background and aims: TAC is associated with incident CVD and all-cause mortality. Nevertheless, the independent 10-year prognostic value of TAC in individuals with CAC = 0 beyond traditional risk factors is not well established.

Methods: 3415 MESA participants with baseline CAC = 0 were followed for CHD, CVD events and all-cause mortality. TAC was measured in the ascending and descending aorta in all participants and quantified using Agatston's score. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to study the associations between TAC and incident CHD, CVD events and all-cause mortality. Likelihood ratio tests were used to compare prediction models including traditional risk factors plus TAC versus risk factors alone.

Results: 406 participants (11.9%) had TAC>0 at baseline. Over a median follow-up of 11.3 years, unadjusted event rates per 1000 person-years were higher in TAC>0 than in TAC = 0 participants: CHD 2.18 vs. 2.03; CVD 6.85 vs. 3.42; all-cause mortality 12.84 vs. 4.96. However, in multivariable Cox regression analyses adjusting for CVD risk factors, neither TAC>0, TAC>100 nor log(TAC+1) were independently associated with any of the study outcomes, nor improved their prediction compared to traditional risk factors alone (p value of likelihood ratio tests >0.05).

Conclusions: In a multi-ethnic, modern US population of asymptomatic individuals with CAC = 0 at baseline, the prevalence of TAC>0 was low, and TAC did not improve 10-year estimation of prognosis beyond traditional risk factors. In the presence of CAC = 0, measurement of TAC is unlikely to provide sufficient additional prognostic information to further improve risk assessment.

Keywords: All-cause mortality; Cardiovascular disease; Coronary artery calcium; Thoracic aortic calcification.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest:

The authors declared they do not have anything to disclose regarding conflict of interest with respect to this manuscript.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for CHD events (all) by TAC groups
Log-Rank test p value 0.806.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for CVD events (all) by TAC groups
Log-Rank test p value < 0.001.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause mortality by TAC groups
Log-Rank test p value < 0.001.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

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