Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A known unknown foe of asthma

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with uncontrolled asthma are at a greater risk of asthma attacks requiring emergency room visits or hospital admissions. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is potentially a significant complication in a course of status asthmaticus.

Case study: We describe a 43-year-old female patient who presented with status asthmaticus that was further complicated with takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Results: Recognizing apical ballooning syndrome is challenging in patients with a history of respiratory disease because the symptoms of the last entity may complicate the diagnostic approach. It is difficult to distinguish clinically apical ballooning syndrome from the acute airway exacerbation itself. Both asthma and takotsubo cardiomyopathy share the same clinical presentation with dyspnea and chest tightness. In our patient, the electrocardiographic abnormalities, the rapidly reversible distinctive characteristics of echocardiography, and the modest elevation of serum cardiac biomarkers levels, in combination with the presence of a stress trigger (severe asthma attack), strongly supported the diagnosis of broken heart syndrome.

Conclusions: Clinicians should re-evaluate asthma management and be aware of the complications associated with asthma attacks such as stress-induced cardiomyopathy.

Keywords: Apical ballooning syndrome; asthma attack; broken heart syndrome; cardiac biomarkers; status asthmaticus; stress-induced cardiomyopathy.