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Review
. 2017 Feb;7(1):1-111.
doi: 10.1007/s13659-016-0115-5. Epub 2017 Jan 17.

Natural Products Diversity of Marine Ascidians (Tunicates; Ascidiacea) and Successful Drugs in Clinical Development

Satheesh Kumar Palanisamy  1 , N M Rajendran  2 , Angela Marino  3
Affiliations
Review

Natural Products Diversity of Marine Ascidians (Tunicates; Ascidiacea) and Successful Drugs in Clinical Development

Satheesh Kumar Palanisamy et al. Nat Prod Bioprospect. 2017 Feb.

Abstract

This present study reviewed the chemical diversity of marine ascidians and their pharmacological applications, challenges and recent developments in marine drug discovery reported during 1994-2014, highlighting the structural activity of compounds produced by these specimens. Till date only 5% of living ascidian species were studied from <3000 species, this study represented from family didemnidae (32%), polyclinidae (22%), styelidae and polycitoridae (11-12%) exhibiting the highest number of promising MNPs. Close to 580 compound structures are here discussed in terms of their occurrence, structural type and reported biological activity. Anti-cancer drugs are the main area of interest in the screening of MNPs from ascidians (64%), followed by anti-malarial (6%) and remaining others. FDA approved ascidian compounds mechanism of action along with other compounds status of clinical trials (phase 1 to phase 3) are discussed here in. This review highlights recent developments in the area of natural products chemistry and biotechnological approaches are emphasized.

Keywords: Cancer; Cytotoxicity; Diversity; Metabolites; Pharmacology.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Author don’t have any conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Marine nature products studied from the family ascidian on 1994–2014
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Distribution of chemistry class of MNPs with high biomedical potential application studied from 1994 to 2014
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Distribution of drug classes of MNPs with high biomedical potential application studied from 1994 to 2014
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 1
Structure 1
Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (compounds 1–49)
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 2
Structure 2
Anti-bacterial potential compounds 50–128
Structure 3
Structure 3
Anti-tuberculosis potentail compound (129–130)
Structure 4
Structure 4
Anti-fungal potential compounds (131–159)
Structure 4
Structure 4
Anti-fungal potential compounds (131–159)
Structure 4
Structure 4
Anti-fungal potential compounds (131–159)
Structure 4
Structure 4
Anti-fungal potential compounds (131–159)
Structure 4
Structure 4
Anti-fungal potential compounds (131–159)
Structure 4
Structure 4
Anti-fungal potential compounds (131–159)
Structure 5
Structure 5
Anti-malarial potential compounds (84, 94, 95, 160–188)
Structure 5
Structure 5
Anti-malarial potential compounds (84, 94, 95, 160–188)
Structure 5
Structure 5
Anti-malarial potential compounds (84, 94, 95, 160–188)
Structure 5
Structure 5
Anti-malarial potential compounds (84, 94, 95, 160–188)
Structure 5
Structure 5
Anti-malarial potential compounds (84, 94, 95, 160–188)
Structure 6
Structure 6
Anti-trypanosomal potential compounds (5, 189, 190)
Structure 7
Structure 7
Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant potential compounds (191–205)
Structure 7
Structure 7
Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant potential compounds (191–205)
Structure 7
Structure 7
Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant potential compounds (191–205)
Structure 8
Structure 8
Anti-inflammatory potential compounds (161, 163, 177, 206–220)
Structure 8
Structure 8
Anti-inflammatory potential compounds (161, 163, 177, 206–220)
Structure 9
Structure 9
Compounds with potential activity of cardio vascular blockage and central nervous system (223–236)
Structure 9
Structure 9
Compounds with potential activity of cardio vascular blockage and central nervous system (223–236)
Structure 9
Structure 9
Compounds with potential activity of cardio vascular blockage and central nervous system (223–236)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 10
Structure 10
Anti-cancer potential compounds (237–563)
Structure 11
Structure 11
Successful ascidian marine natural products in clinical development (564–573)
Structure 11
Structure 11
Successful ascidian marine natural products in clinical development (564–573)
Structure 11
Structure 11
Successful ascidian marine natural products in clinical development (564–573)
Structure 11
Structure 11
Successful ascidian marine natural products in clinical development (564–573)
Structure 11
Structure 11
Successful ascidian marine natural products in clinical development (564–573)
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