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. 2017 May-Jun;27(3):366-373.
doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2016.12.003. Epub 2017 Jan 17.

Estimated Prevalence of Insomnia among Women Veterans: Results of a Postal Survey

Jennifer L Martin  1 , C Amanda Schweizer  2 , Jaime M Hughes  3 , Constance H Fung  4 , Joseph M Dzierzewski  5 , Donna L Washington  6 , B Josea Kramer  4 , Stella Jouldjian  7 , Michael N Mitchell  7 , Karen R Josephson  7 , Cathy A Alessi  4
Affiliations

Estimated Prevalence of Insomnia among Women Veterans: Results of a Postal Survey

Jennifer L Martin et al. Womens Health Issues. 2017 May-Jun.

Abstract

Objectives: Insomnia is a significant public health concern known to particularly impact women and the veteran population; however, rates of insomnia disorder among women veterans are not known.

Method: Women veterans who had received health care at VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System between 2008 and 2010 and resided within 25 miles of the facility were sent a postal survey assessing sleep, demographics, and other related patient characteristics.

Results: A total of 660 women (43.1% of potential responders) returned the postal survey and provided sufficient information for insomnia diagnosis. On average, women reported 6.2 hours of sleep per night. The prevalence of insomnia, determined according to diagnostic criteria from the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2, was 52.3%. Women with insomnia reported more severely disturbed sleep, and more pain, menopausal symptoms, stress/worries, and nightmares compared with women without insomnia. There was a quadratic relationship between age and insomnia with women in their mid-40s, most likely to have insomnia.

Conclusions: This survey study found that insomnia symptoms were endorsed by more than one-half of the women veterans in this sample of VA users, highlighting the critical need for enhanced clinical identification and intervention. Further research is needed to establish national rates of insomnia among women veterans and to improve access to evidence-based treatment of insomnia disorder.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Predicted probability of insomnia as a function of age (and age squared) with 95% confidence intervals. The peak probability of insomnia occurred at age 46 with the lowest rates among women in the later years of life.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Predicted probability of insomnia as a function of period of service cohort. The peak probability of insomnia was among women who served during the Persian Gulf War, and the lowest rates were observed for women who served in World War II (WWI) or during peacetime before the Korean War. Abbreviation: OEF/OIF, Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom.
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