Association of Psoriasis and Metabolic Syndrome in Latin America: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Meta-analyses have found evidence of a relationship between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome, but Latin American populations have not been included.

Methodology: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies including adults with psoriasis and metabolic syndrome indexed in Medline, Scopus, SciELO, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and LILACS between 1980 and 2016. We computed pooled odds ratios (OR) with a random effects model and analyzed subgroups according to patient variables used in the studies.

Results: Five studies with a total of 241 patients with psoriasis were found; 46.5% of the patients also had metabolic syndrome (pooled OR, 2.63; 95% CI: 1.11-6.23; P=.03). In studies using the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) criteria for metabolic syndrome, the pooled OR was similar at 3.97 (95% CI: 1.27-21.42). Studies that included patients with chronic and severe disease detected higher risk for metabolic syndrome (pooled OR, 6.65; 95% CI: 3.32-13.31). Limitations are that few studies have been done in Latin America, heterogeneity was high, and inconsistency was found across studies.

Conclusion: The association between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome is high in Latin America. The association is stronger when psoriasis is chronic and severe and when the ATP-III criteria are used for diagnosis.

Keywords: Latin America; Latinoamérica; Meta-analysis; Metaanálisis; Metabolic syndrome; Psoriasis; Síndrome metabólico.