doi: 10.1183/13993003.01709-2016.
Print 2017 Jan.
Influenza-binding antibodies immobilise influenza viruses in fresh human airway mucus
Affiliations
- PMID: 28122865
- PMCID: PMC6533903
- DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01709-2016
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Influenza-binding antibodies immobilise influenza viruses in fresh human airway mucus
Eur Respir J.
.
No abstract available
Conflict of interest statement
Conflict of interest: Disclosures can be found alongside this article at
Figures
Characterisation of the diffusion of and specific antibodies against viruses and virus-like particles (VLPs) in human airway mucus. Diffusion rates of a) H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses and 100 nm polyethylene glycol-coated latex nanoparticles (PS-PEG) and b) WT-Inf, ΔSAB-Inf and HIV VLPs in human airway mucus. Representative trajectories are presented for particles exhibiting effective diffusivities within ±1 SEM of the ensemble average at a time scale of 0.2667 s. Ensemble geometric average effective diffusivity (Deff ) at a timescale of 0.2667 s and fraction of mobile particles are plotted for distinct samples (indicated by different colours) with averages indicated by solid lines. Nine distinct samples were used to compare the mobility of H1N1, H3N2 and PS-PEG in airway mucus, and another 10 samples were used to compare the mobility of WT-Inf, ΔSAB-Inf and HIV VLPs. Airway mucus sample volumes were sufficient for at least two or three aliquots, allowing direct comparisons between different conditions. Data represent the ensemble average of between seven and 10 independent experiments per particle type, with n ≥40 particles per frame on average (n ≥95 particle traces tracked) for each experiment. *: p<0.05, based on a paired t-test where Deff values are log-transformed. c) Neuraminidase activity of WT-Inf and ΔSAB-Inf VLPs compared to unlabelled H1N1 virus adjusted to the same concentration. Data are presented as mean±SEM of n=3 independent measurements. Amounts of d) IgG and e) IgA that bind WT-Inf and ΔSAB-Inf VLPs, relative to the amounts of IgG and IgA that bind whole H1N1 virions, and amounts that bind whole H1N1 virions and HIV-VLPs determined using polyclonal anti-H1N1 IgG purified from IVIG using whole H1N1 virions and commercial anti-haemagglutinin IgA, respectively. Data represent n=6–8 different human airway mucus specimens per condition and an average of two to four independent experiments. BDL: below detection limit.