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Review
. 2017 Jan 28;22(2):208.
doi: 10.3390/molecules22020208.

Cytotoxic Compounds Derived from Marine Sponges. A Review (2010-2012)

Roberto Mioso  1 , Francisco J Toledo Marante  2 , Ranilson de Souza Bezerra  3 , Flávio Valadares Pereira Borges  4 , Bárbara V de Oliveira Santos  5 , Irma Herrera Bravo de Laguna  6
Affiliations
Review

Cytotoxic Compounds Derived from Marine Sponges. A Review (2010-2012)

Roberto Mioso et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Abstract: This extensive review covers research published between 2010 and 2012 regarding new compounds derived from marine sponges, including 62 species from 60 genera belonging to 33 families and 13 orders of the Demospongia class (Porifera). The emphasis is on the cytotoxic activity that bioactive metabolites from sponges may have on cancer cell lines. At least 197 novel chemical structures from 337 compounds isolated have been found to support this work. Details on the source and taxonomy of the sponges, their geographical occurrence, and a range of chemical structures are presented. The compounds discovered from the reviewed marine sponges fall into mainly four chemical classes: terpenoids (41.9%), alkaloids (26.2%), macrolides (8.9%) and peptides (6.3%) which, along with polyketides, sterols, and others show a range of biological activities. The key sponge orders studied in the reviewed research were Dictyoceratida, Haplosclerida, Tetractinellida, Poecilosclerida, and Agelasida. Petrosia, Haliclona (Haplosclerida), Rhabdastrella (Tetractinellida), Coscinoderma and Hyppospongia (Dictyioceratida), were found to be the most promising genera because of their capacity for producing new bioactive compounds. Several of the new compounds and their synthetic analogues have shown in vitro cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities against various tumor/cancer cell lines, and some of them will undergo further in vivo evaluation.

Keywords: Keywords: porifera; bioactive molecules; cancer cell lines; cytotoxicity; marine sponges; pharmacology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Agelasine F (I) and (−)-agelastatin A (II).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Two new structures 15-acetylirciformonin B (III) and 10-acetylirciformonin B (IV) isolated from the marine sponge Ircinia sp.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structures of hyrtioreticulins A (V) and B (VI) isolated from the marine sponge Hyrtios reticulatus.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Structure of mycothiazole (VII) isolated from Petrosaspongia mycofijiensis.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Structure of neopetrosiamine A (VIII) isolated from Neopetrosia proxima.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Tsitsikammamine C (IX) isolated from a marine sponge Zyzzya sp.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Monanchocidin A (X) and monanchocidins B–E (XI–XIV) isolated from Monanchora pulchra.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Phorone A (XV), isophorbasone A (XVI), and gukulenins A and B (XVII–XVIII).
Figure 9
Figure 9
12-N-methyl stevensine (XIX) isolated from the marine sponge Stylissa sp.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Ecionine A (XX) isolated from Ecionemia geodides.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Kabiramides J (XXI) and K (XXII) isolated from the marine sponge Pachastrissa nux.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Geoditin A (XXIII) isolated from Geodia japonica.
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