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Review
. 2017 Jul 15:308:17-24.
doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.01.016. Epub 2017 Jan 24.

MicroRNA 155 and viral-induced neuroinflammation

Laura L Dickey  1 , Timothy M Hanley  2 , Thomas B Huffaker  3 , Andrew G Ramstead  4 , Ryan M O'Connell  5 , Thomas E Lane  6
Affiliations
Review

MicroRNA 155 and viral-induced neuroinflammation

Laura L Dickey et al. J Neuroimmunol. .

Abstract

MicroRNA (miRNA) regulation of gene expression is becoming an increasingly recognized mechanism by which host immune responses are governed following microbial infection. miRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that repress translation of target genes, and have been implicated in a number of activities that modulate host immune responses, including the regulation of immune cell proliferation, survival, expansion, differentiation, migration, polarization, and effector function. This review highlights several examples in which mammalian-encoded miR-155 influences immune responses following viral infection of the CNS.

Keywords: MicroRNAs; Neuroinflammation; Neuropathogenesis; Neurotropic viruses; miR-155.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. miR-155 regulates T cell accumulation and antiviral activity in response to JHMV infection
(A) JHVM-infected miR-155−/− mice demonstrated greater mortality than WT mice, concomitant with impaired ability to clear virus from brain (B). (C) Virus-specific CD8+ T cell accumulation in brains of JMHV infected mice was impaired in miR-155−/− mice. Virus-specific miR-155−/− CD8+ T cells exhibited diminished CTL activity in response to peptide stimulation (D), as well as decreased levels of CXCR3 expression (E).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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