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Meta-Analysis
. 2017 Feb 1;17(1):52.
doi: 10.1186/s12903-017-0339-8.

Effect of removable functional appliances on mandibular length in patients with class II with retrognathism: systematic review and meta-analysis

Adriana Santamaría-Villegas  1 , Rubén Manrique-Hernandez  2 , Emery Alvarez-Varela  2 , Claudia Restrepo-Serna  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Effect of removable functional appliances on mandibular length in patients with class II with retrognathism: systematic review and meta-analysis

Adriana Santamaría-Villegas et al. BMC Oral Health. .

Abstract

Background: Orthopedic functional devices, are used to improve mandibular length in skeletal class II patients. However, the orthopedic functional device with the best effect to increasing the mandibular length, has not been identified before. Thus, the aim of the present investigation was to evaluate Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT), to determine the best functional appliance improving mandibular length in subjects with retrognathism.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, including studies published and indexed in databases between 1966 and 2016. RCTs evaluating functional appliances' effects on mandibular length (Condilion-Gnation (Co-Gn) and Condilion-Pogonion (Co-Po)), were included. Reports' structure was evaluated according to 2010 CONSORT guide. The outcome measure was distance between Co-Gn and/or Co-Po after treatment. Data were analyzed with Cochran Q Test and random effects model.

Results: Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall difference in mandibular length was 1.53 mm (Confidence Interval (CI) 95% 1.15-1.92) in comparison to non-treated group. The Sander Bite Jumping reported the greatest increase in mandibular length (3.40 mm; CI 95% 1.69-5.11), followed by Twin Block, Bionator, Harvold Activator and Frankel devices.

Conclusions: All removable functional appliances, aiming to increase mandibular length, are useful. Sander Bite Jumping was observed to be the most effective device to improve the mandibular length.

Keywords: Angle class II; Functional; Malocclusion; Meta-analysis; Orthodontics appliances; Retrognathia.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA Flowdiagram
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Funnel diagram of included studies. The funnel plot does not show the existence of publication bias among the included studies
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Effect of functional appliances on mandibular length depending on type of appliance. WMD weighted mean difference, CI confidence interval 95%
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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