Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Jan 1;9(1):e46-e50.
doi: 10.4317/jced.53011. eCollection 2017 Jan.

Effect of bleaching agents on enamel surface of bovine teeth: A SEM study

Ana-Cristina Pimenta-Dutra  1 , Rodrigo-de Castro Albuquerque  1 , Luís-Fernando-Dos Santos-Alves Morgan  2 , Geraldo-Magela Pereira  2 , Eduardo Nunes  3 , Martinho-Campolina-Rebello Horta  3 , Frank-Ferreira Silveira  3
Affiliations

Effect of bleaching agents on enamel surface of bovine teeth: A SEM study

Ana-Cristina Pimenta-Dutra et al. J Clin Exp Dent. .

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate changes in the enamel surface of bovine teeth after whitening with exogenous bleaching agents: 10% carbamide peroxide (group 1), 16% carbamide peroxide (group 2) and 35% hydrogen peroxide activated by a light-emitting diode (LED) (group 3). The evaluations were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Material and methods: Ninety bovine teeth were divided into five groups (n = 18). The bleaching agents 10% and 16% carbamide peroxide were applied for eight hours a day for 14 consecutive days. The third agent, LED-activated 35% hydrogen peroxide, was used four times at seven-day intervals. Each of the four time points consisted of three applications of 10 minutes each. A 37% phosphoric acid solution and artificial saliva were used as positive and negative controls, respectively.

Results: The evaluations by SEM showed changes in the enamel surfaces of the specimens. Based on the Mann-Whitney statistical test, the data showed significant differences (p<0.05) between groups 1 and 2 and between groups 2 and 3. However, no significant difference (p>0.05) was observed between groups 1 and 3.

Conclusions: Based on these results, it can be concluded that bleaching agents can cause changes in the structure of tooth enamel and that these changes are related to the concentration and the duration of contact with the tooth surface. Key words:Bovine teeth, carbamide peroxide, enamel, hydrogen peroxide, scanning electronic microscopy.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors deny any conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mild changes in the enamel surface (CP 10%).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Moderate changes in the enamel surface (CP 16%).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mild changes in the enamel surface (HP 35%).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Haywood VB, Heymann HO. Nightguard vital bleaching. Quintessence Int. 1989;20:173–6. - PubMed
    1. Lopes GC, Bonissoni L, Baratieri LN, Vieira LC, Monteiro S Jr. Effect of bleaching agents on the hardness and morphology of enamel. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2002;14:24–30. - PubMed
    1. Basting RT, Rodrigues AL, Serra MC. The effect of 10% carbamide peroxide, carbopol and/or glycerin on enamel and dentin microhardness. Oper Dent. 2005;30:608–16. - PubMed
    1. Kaur D, Vishwanath, Jayalakshmi KB. Effect of various Nightguard vital bleaching agents on surface morphology of enamel - a SEM study. Endodontol. 2003;15:2–6.
    1. Baik JW, Rueggeberg FA, Liewehr FR. Effect of light-enhanced bleaching on in vitro surface and intrapulpal temperature rise. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2001;13:370–8. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources