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. 2017 Feb 2;22(2):228.
doi: 10.3390/molecules22020228.

Extraction of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.) Seed Oil Using Subcritical Butane: Characterization and Process Optimization

Ling-Biao Gu  1 , Xiao-Ning Liu  2 , Hua-Min Liu  3 , Hui-Li Pang  4 , Guang-Yong Qin  5
Affiliations

Extraction of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.) Seed Oil Using Subcritical Butane: Characterization and Process Optimization

Ling-Biao Gu et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

In this study, the subcritical butane extraction process of fenugreek seed oil was optimized using response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken design. The optimum conditions for extracted oil from fenugreek seed was as follows: extraction temperature of 43.24 °C , extraction time of 32.80 min, and particle size of 0.26 mm. No significant differences were found between the experimental and predicted values. The physical and chemical properties of the oil showed that the oil could be used as edible oil. Fatty acid composition of oils obtained by subcritical butane under the optimum conditions and by accelerated solvent extraction showed negligible difference. The oils were rich in linoleic acid (42.71%-42.80%), linolenic acid (26.03%-26.15%), and oleic acid (14.24%-14.40%). The results revealed that the proposed method was feasible, and this essay shows the way to exploit fenugreek seeds by subcritical butane extraction under the scope of edible oils.

Keywords: fatty acid; fenugreek seed oil; response surface methodology; subcritical butane extraction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that no conflict of interest exits in the submission. Sponsors of the founding had no role in any part of this submission.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effects of (A) extraction temperature; (B) extraction time; (C) raw material particle size and (D) liquid/solid ratio on the oil yield.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Contour plots (A,C,E) and response surface plots (B,D,F) of the oil yield affected by extraction temperature (°C, X1), time (min, X2) and raw material particle size (mm, X3).
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Thermal gravity (TG)/differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and (B) differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of fenugreek seed oil obtained by SBE.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Schematic diagram of the SBE process.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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