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. 2016 Dec;57(4):E190-E196.

Caregivers' vector control methods and their impact on malaria outcome in under-five presenting in tertiary health institution in Nigeria

D U Nwaneri  1 , O A Oladipo  2 , A E Sadoh  1 , M O Ibadin  1
Affiliations

Caregivers' vector control methods and their impact on malaria outcome in under-five presenting in tertiary health institution in Nigeria

D U Nwaneri et al. J Prev Med Hyg. 2016 Dec.

Abstract

Background and aims: Integrated vector control especially use of insecticide-treated bed nets have been reported as effective malaria preventive strategies. This study aimed at documenting factors that influence regular use of insecticide-treated nets in under-fives and impact of vector control methods on malaria outcome (severe malaria prevalence and mortality) in under-fives presenting in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.

Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out from June 2012 and July 2013. Data was obtained by researcher-administered questionnaire and malaria was confirmed in each child by microscopy.

Results: 329 caregiver (31.2 ± 6.0 years) /child (20.7 ± 14.0 months) pair were recruited. Netting of doors/windows (80.0%) was the most practiced vector control method. 177 (53.8%) caregivers possessed insecticide-treated bed nets, and only a quarter of their under-5s regularly sleep in these nets. Children from lower social class statistically significantly sleep in the nets (p = 0.03), however, presence of 2 or more nets in a household independently predicted its regular use for the under-5s (β = 1.09, OR = 3, p = 0.02). Prevalence of severe malaria was 36.2% and mortality was 52 per 1000. Combination of regular use of insecticide treated nets, environmental sanitation, indoor insecticide spray and netting of household doors/windows significantly predicted low prevalence of severe malaria compared to each of the malaria vector control methods used singly by the caregivers (β = 1.66, OR =5.0, p = 0.04).

Conclusions: Integrated vector control remains the most effective method of malaria vector control at the community.

Keywords: Bed-nets; Insecticide-treated; Malaria; Mortality; Strategy; Vector.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Malaria vector control methods mentioned and practiced by the caregivers.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Sources of insecticide treated nets.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Reasons given by caregivers for not using the insecticide treated nets for their under-fives.
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