Systemic Complications Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Abstract

Many systemic complications follow aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and are primarily due to sympathetic nervous system activation. These complications play an important role in the overall outcome of patients. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of systemic complications specifically associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Special focus has been made on systemic complications that occur more frequently in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage compared to other stroke subtypes and in the neurocritical care patient population. These complications include neurogenic pulmonary edema, electrocardiographic changes, troponin elevation, neurogenic stunned myocardium, hyponatremia, and anemia.

Keywords: Anemia; Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; Cerebral salt wasting; Neurogenic pulmonary edema; Neurogenic stunned myocardium; SIADH; Systemic complications.