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. 2017 May 15;64(10):1360-1366.
doi: 10.1093/cid/cix159.

Prevalence and Risk of Penile Human Papillomavirus Infection: Evidence From The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014

Ashish A Deshmukh  1 , Rebecca J Tanner  1 , Maya C Luetke  1 , Young-Rock Hong  1 , Kalyani Sonawane Deshmukh  1 , Arch G Mainous 3rd  1
Affiliations

Prevalence and Risk of Penile Human Papillomavirus Infection: Evidence From The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014

Ashish A Deshmukh et al. Clin Infect Dis. .

Erratum in

  • Erratum.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 15;65(8):1431-1433. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix563. Clin Infect Dis. 2017. PMID: 29017252 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

Background: The epidemiology of penile human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is not well understood. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of penile HPV infection in the United States.

Methods: We analyzed a nationally representative sample of civilian noninstitutionalized US men from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014. Penile swab samples were collected from men aged 18-59 years. For detection of HPV types, a Roche Linear Array test was performed. We used NHANES sampling weights to estimate the population prevalence of penile HPV infection.

Results: The overall prevalence of any HPV infection was 45.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 41.3%-49.3%). The prevalence of any high-risk HPV types and low-risk HPV types (mutually exclusive of high-risk HPV) was 30.5% (95% CI, 28.0%-33.0%) and 14.8% (95% CI, 12.7%-17.2%), respectively. Overall HPV prevalence increased with increasing age: the prevalence was lowest among 18- to 24-year-old men (33.8%) and highest among 55- to 59-year-old men (53.4%). HPV types 16 and 18 were detected in 4.3% (95% CI, 3.2%-5.7%) and 1.7% (95% CI, 1.1%-2.6%) of men, respectively. The prevalence of any HPV infection was almost 80% among men who reported having ≥16 lifetime sexual partners and using condoms intermittently.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that penile HPV is common among men in the United States. Almost one-third of all men are infected with high-risk HPV. Prevalence of penile HPV infection increases with increasing age.

Keywords: HPV; human papillomavirus; penile; prevalence.

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