Platelet-Mediated Modulation of Fibrinolysis

Abstract

Platelets are crucial to the hemostatic response. Their role in coagulation is well documented and they have been considered for some time to promote resistance of thrombi to fibrinolysis. Platelets confer resistance to lysis by promoting clot retraction of the immediate fibrin network and through release of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 from their α-granules. However, recent developments in the field indicate that the role of platelets in fibrinolysis is much more diverse. Indeed, novel studies suggest that platelets form different subpopulations upon activation that play varied roles in regulating hemostasis. Likewise the developments in our understanding of thrombus formation, architecture, and changes in fibrin deposition and composition suggest that these different subpopulations of platelets may populate distinct areas within thrombi and potentially dictate the local hemostatic balance in these areas. This review will discuss the diverse roles of platelets in fibrinolysis and highlight the recent developments in the field and the contribution of both the intracellular pool of modulators as well as the membrane surface in regulating these processes.