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Review
. 2017 Feb 23;10(1):57.
doi: 10.1186/s13045-017-0426-y.

Extracellular vesicles-mediated noncoding RNAs transfer in cancer

Pei Ma  1 , Yutian Pan  1 , Wei Li  1 , Chongqi Sun  1 , Jie Liu  1 , Tongpeng Xu  1 , Yongqian Shu  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Extracellular vesicles-mediated noncoding RNAs transfer in cancer

Pei Ma et al. J Hematol Oncol. .

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous vesicles secreted from numerous cell types and have been found involved in cell-to-cell communication by transferring noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs. Emerging evidence shows that EV-associated ncRNAs play important roles in a wide range of diseases, particularly in cancer where they function through regulating protein expression of the pivotal genes that make contributions to tumorigenesis. Given their stability and abundance in serum, EV-associated ncRNAs can act as new diagnostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for cancer. Herein, we review the properties of EV-associated ncRNAs, their functions, and potential significance in cancer.

Keywords: Cancer; Extracellular vesicles; Mechanism; Noncoding RNAs.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
EV-associated ncRNAs in cancer. EV-associated ncRNAs contribute to the five types of function in cancer. Selected examples of EV-associated ncRNAs and their mechanisms are shown in cancer initiation, formation of vessels, drug resisitance, metastasis, and immunity. (1) Cancerous cells might discard anti-tumorigenic miRNAs via EVs to stimulate cancer initiation and progression. (2) There exists a positive feedback loop between MM cells and MSC that MM cells promote the increase of miR146a in MSC leading to more cytokine secretion, which in turn favors MM cell growth and migration
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