Review

. 2017 Jan;69(1):1-11.

doi: 10.1124/pr.116.012864. Epub 2016 Nov 15.

International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. C. Nomenclature and Properties of Calcium-Activated and Sodium-Activated Potassium Channels

Leonard K Kaczmarek¹, Richard W Aldrich², K George Chandy², Stephan Grissmer², Aguan D Wei², Heike Wulff²

Affiliations

¹ Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (L.K.K.); Center for Learning and Memory and Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (R.W.A.); Laboratory of Molecular Physiology in the Infection and Immunity Theme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (K.G.C.); Institute of Applied Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany (S.G.); Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington (A.D.W.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (H.W.) leonard.kaczmarek@yale.edu.
² Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (L.K.K.); Center for Learning and Memory and Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (R.W.A.); Laboratory of Molecular Physiology in the Infection and Immunity Theme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (K.G.C.); Institute of Applied Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany (S.G.); Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington (A.D.W.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (H.W.).

PMID: 28267675
PMCID: PMC11060434
DOI: 10.1124/pr.116.012864

Review

International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. C. Nomenclature and Properties of Calcium-Activated and Sodium-Activated Potassium Channels

Leonard K Kaczmarek et al. Pharmacol Rev. 2017 Jan.

. 2017 Jan;69(1):1-11.

doi: 10.1124/pr.116.012864. Epub 2016 Nov 15.

Authors

Leonard K Kaczmarek¹, Richard W Aldrich², K George Chandy², Stephan Grissmer², Aguan D Wei², Heike Wulff²

Affiliations

¹ Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (L.K.K.); Center for Learning and Memory and Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (R.W.A.); Laboratory of Molecular Physiology in the Infection and Immunity Theme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (K.G.C.); Institute of Applied Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany (S.G.); Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington (A.D.W.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (H.W.) leonard.kaczmarek@yale.edu.
² Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (L.K.K.); Center for Learning and Memory and Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (R.W.A.); Laboratory of Molecular Physiology in the Infection and Immunity Theme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (K.G.C.); Institute of Applied Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany (S.G.); Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington (A.D.W.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (H.W.).

PMID: 28267675
PMCID: PMC11060434
DOI: 10.1124/pr.116.012864

Abstract

A subset of potassium channels is regulated primarily by changes in the cytoplasmic concentration of ions, including calcium, sodium, chloride, and protons. The eight members of this subfamily were originally all designated as calcium-activated channels. More recent studies have clarified the gating mechanisms for these channels and have documented that not all members are sensitive to calcium. This article describes the molecular relationships between these channels and provides an introduction to their functional properties. It also introduces a new nomenclature that differentiates between calcium- and sodium-activated potassium channels.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

**Fig. 1.**
Phylogenetic relations among members of the Ca²⁺- and Na⁺-dependent K⁺ channel families.

**Fig. 2.**
Schematic representations of the transmembrane topology of K_Ca and K_Na channels.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Cardiac metabolic effects of K_Na1.2 channel deletion and evidence for its mitochondrial localization.
Smith CO, Wang YT, Nadtochiy SM, Miller JH, Jonas EA, Dirksen RT, Nehrke K, Brookes PS. Smith CO, et al. FASEB J. 2018 Jun 4;32(11):fj201800139R. doi: 10.1096/fj.201800139R. Online ahead of print. FASEB J. 2018. PMID: 29863912 Free PMC article.
The Epilepsy of Infancy With Migrating Focal Seizures: Identification of de novo Mutations of the KCNT2 Gene That Exert Inhibitory Effects on the Corresponding Heteromeric K_Na1.1/K_Na1.2 Potassium Channel.
Mao X, Bruneau N, Gao Q, Becq H, Jia Z, Xi H, Shu L, Wang H, Szepetowski P, Aniksztejn L. Mao X, et al. Front Cell Neurosci. 2020 Jan 24;14:1. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00001. eCollection 2020. Front Cell Neurosci. 2020. PMID: 32038177 Free PMC article.
Are there superagonists for calcium-activated potassium channels?
Brown BM, Shim H, Wulff H. Brown BM, et al. Channels (Austin). 2017 Nov 2;11(6):504-506. doi: 10.1080/19336950.2017.1376971. Epub 2017 Oct 5. Channels (Austin). 2017. PMID: 28876978 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Activation mechanism of a human SK-calmodulin channel complex elucidated by cryo-EM structures.
Lee CH, MacKinnon R. Lee CH, et al. Science. 2018 May 4;360(6388):508-513. doi: 10.1126/science.aas9466. Science. 2018. PMID: 29724949 Free PMC article.
Phylogenetic and developmental analyses indicate complex functions of calcium-activated potassium channels in zebrafish embryonic development.
Silic MR, Black MM, Zhang G. Silic MR, et al. Dev Dyn. 2021 Oct;250(10):1477-1493. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.329. Epub 2021 Mar 24. Dev Dyn. 2021. PMID: 33728688 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Adelman JP, Maylie J, Sah P. (2012) Small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels: form and function. Annu Rev Physiol 74:245–269. - PubMed
1. Adelman JP, Shen KZ, Kavanaugh MP, Warren RA, Wu YN, Lagrutta A, Bond CT, North RA. (1992) Calcium-activated potassium channels expressed from cloned complementary DNAs. Neuron 9:209–216. - PubMed
1. Alexander SP, Catterall WA, Kelly E, Marrion N, Peters JA, Benson HE, Faccenda E, Pawson AJ, Sharman JL, Southan C, et al. CGTP Collaborators (2015) The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2015/16: Voltage-gated ion channels. Br J Pharmacol 172:5904–5941. - PMC - PubMed
1. Allen D, Bond CT, Luján R, Ballesteros-Merino C, Lin MT, Wang K, Klett N, Watanabe M, Shigemoto R, Stackman RW, Jr, et al. (2011) The SK2-long isoform directs synaptic localization and function of SK2-containing channels. Nat Neurosci 14:744–749. - PMC - PubMed
1. Allen D, Fakler B, Maylie J, Adelman JP. (2007) Organization and regulation of small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel multiprotein complexes. J Neurosci 27:2369–2376. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

Actions

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

Substances

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

Grants and funding

R01 DC001919/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
- scite Smart Citations
Molecular Biology Databases
- Guide to Pharmacology

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. C. Nomenclature and Properties of Calcium-Activated and Sodium-Activated Potassium Channels

Affiliations

International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. C. Nomenclature and Properties of Calcium-Activated and Sodium-Activated Potassium Channels

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Molecular Biology Databases

Abstract

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Related information

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Molecular Biology Databases