Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2017 Mar;43(1):9-13.
doi: 10.5152/tud.2017.60376. Epub 2017 Mar 1.

What is new in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in 2016?

Ashish M Kamat  1 , Murat Bağcıoğlu  2 , Emre Huri  3
Affiliations
Review

What is new in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in 2016?

Ashish M Kamat et al. Turk J Urol. 2017 Mar.

Abstract

Approximately 75% of bladder cancers are non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and 50% of NMIBC patients who are treated with transurethral resection (TUR) have a recurrence of the disease and 5-25% of these patients progressed to muscle-invasive disease after repeated recurrences. NMIBC patients receive various treatments aimed at reducing disease recurrence and progression. Although the recurrence rate of disease remains above target, thus increasing treatment cost, the true rate of recurrence after the primary surgery is controversial. Recurrences can be categorized as either true recurrence due to aggressive tumor biology and implantation of floating cancer cells or false recurrence such as small, flat, or carcinoma in situ lesions overlooked in the primary procedure. Here we discuss new diagnostic methods and treatment options to improve outcomes and reduce recurrence rates in NMIBC.

Keywords: Bladder cancer; diagnostic assessment; intravesical chemotherapy; intravesical immunotherapy; predictive markers.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

References

    1. Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65:87–108. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21262. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Chavan S, Bray F, Lortet-Tieulent J, Goodman M, Jemal A. International variations in bladder cancer incidence and mortality. Eur Urol. 2014;66:59–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2013.10.001. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Cookson MS, Herr HW, Zhang ZF, Soloway S, Sogani PC, Fair WR. The treated natural history of high risk superficial bladder cancer: 15-year outcome. J Urol. 1997;158:62–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005392-199707000-00017. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Shadpour P, Emami M, Haghdani S. A Comparison of the Progression and Recurrence Risk Index in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Tumors Detected by Narrow-Band Imaging Versus White Light Cystoscopy, Based on the EORTC Scoring System. Nephrourol Mon. 2016;8:e33240. https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly.33240. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Isfoss BL. The sensitivity of fluorescent-light cystoscopy for the detection of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder: a meta-analysis with comments on gold standard. BJU Int. 2011;108:1703–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10485.x. - DOI - PubMed