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. 2016;89(3):735-748.
doi: 10.1007/s10340-016-0755-6. Epub 2016 Mar 24.

Non-crop plants used as hosts by Drosophila suzukii in Europe

Marc Kenis  1 , Lorenzo Tonina  2 , René Eschen  1 , Bart van der Sluis  3 , Manuel Sancassani  2 , Nicola Mori  2 , Tim Haye  1 , Herman Helsen  3
Affiliations

Non-crop plants used as hosts by Drosophila suzukii in Europe

Marc Kenis et al. J Pest Sci (2004). 2016.

Abstract

The invasive spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii, a fruit fly of Asian origin, is a major pest of a wide variety of berry and stone fruits in Europe. One of the characteristics of this fly is its wide host range. A better knowledge of its host range outside cultivated areas is essential to develop sustainable integrated pest management strategies. Field surveys were carried out during two years in Italy, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Fruits of 165 potential host plant species were collected, including mostly wild and ornamental plants. Over 24,000 D. suzukii adults emerged from 84 plant species belonging to 19 families, 38 of which being non-native. Forty-two plants were reported for the first time as hosts of D. suzukii. The highest infestations were found in fruits of the genera Cornus, Prunus, Rubus, Sambucus and Vaccinium as well as in Ficus carica, Frangula alnus, Phytolacca americana and Taxus baccata. Based on these data, management methods are suggested. Ornamental and hedge plants in the vicinity of fruit crops and orchards can be selected according to their susceptibility to D. suzukii. However, the widespread availability and abundance of non-crop hosts and the lack of efficient native parasitoids suggest the need for an area-wide control approach.

Keywords: Fruit fly; Host range; Invasive species; Spotted wing drosophila.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Rate of occurrence of D. suzukii in the host plants in which it emerged, expressed as the % of sites × years in which D. suzukii was found. Only the fruits found in at least 5 sites × years are presented
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
No. of D. suzukii emerged per dm2 of fruit collected in 2014 in Italy. Numbers in parentheses after the fruits’ names indicate the total number of fruits collected and the total number of D. suzukii adults emerged from these fruits, respectively. Only fruits from which D. suzukii emerged are shown
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
No. of D. suzukii emerged per dm2 of fruit collected in 2014 in Ticino, Switzerland. Numbers in parentheses after the fruits’ names indicate the total number of fruits collected and the total number of D. suzukii adults emerged from these fruits, respectively. Only fruits from which D. suzukii emerged are shown
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
No. of D. suzukii emerged per kg of fruit collected in 2015 in the Netherlands. Numbers in parentheses after the fruits’ names indicate the total weight of fruits collected and the total number of D. suzukii adults emerged from these fruits, respectively. Only fruits from which D. suzukii emerged are shown
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