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. 2017 Mar 9;12(3):e0173097.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173097. eCollection 2017.

Salmonella serovars and their distribution in Nigerian commercial chicken layer farms

Idowu Oluwabunmi Fagbamila  1 , Lisa Barco  2 , Marzia Mancin  2 , Jacob Kwaga  3 , Sati Samuel Ngulukun  1 , Paola Zavagnin  2 , Antonia Anna Lettini  2 , Monica Lorenzetto  2 , Paul Ayuba Abdu  4 , Junaidu Kabir  3 , Jarlath Umoh  3 , Antonia Ricci  2 , Maryam Muhammad  1
Affiliations

Salmonella serovars and their distribution in Nigerian commercial chicken layer farms

Idowu Oluwabunmi Fagbamila et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Commercial poultry farms (n° 523), located in all the six regions of Nigeria were sampled with a view to generate baseline information about the distribution of Salmonella serovars in this country. Five different matrices (litter, dust, faeces, feed and water) were collected from each visited farm. Salmonella was isolated from at least one of the five matrices in 228 farms, with a farm prevalence of 43.6% (CI95[39.7-48.3%]). Altogether, 370 of 2615 samples collected (14.1%, CI95[12.8; 15.5%]) contained Salmonella. Considering the number of positive farms and the number of positive samples, it was evident that for the majority of the sampled farms, few samples were positive for Salmonella. With regard to the matrices, there was no difference in Salmonella prevalence among the five matrices considered. Of the 370 isolates serotyped, eighty-two different serotypes were identified and Salmonella Kentucky was identified as having the highest isolation rate in all the matrices sampled (16.2%), followed by S. Poona and S. Elisabethville. S. Kentucky was distributed across the country, whereas the other less frequent serovars had a more circumscribed diffusion. This is one of few comprehensive studies on the occurrence and distribution of Salmonella in commercial chicken layer farms from all the six regions of Nigeria. The relatively high prevalence rate documented in this study may be attributed to the generally poor infrastructure and low biosecurity measures in controlling stray animals, rodents and humans. Data collected could be valuable for instituting effective intervention strategies for Salmonella control in Nigeria and also in other developing countries with a similar poultry industry structure, with the final aim of reducing Salmonella spread in animals and ultimately in humans.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Distribution of Salmonella species across the twelve selected states in Nigeria.
(A) Distribution of Salmonella spp. (B) Distribution of S. Poona (C) Distribution of S. Kentucky (D) Distribution of S. Elizabethville.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Relative frequency of selected Salmonella serovars isolated from the different matrices.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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