Inhibition by nedocromil sodium of IgE-mediated activation of human mononuclear phagocytes and platelets in allergy

Abstract

The demonstration of a specific receptor for IgE on nonmast cell or basophil leukocytes, such as mononuclear phagocytes, eosinophils, and platelets, suggests that these cells may participate directly in immunological disorders of allergy. Thus, a full understanding of the mode of action of antiallergic or antiasthma drugs must take into account their activity on these nonmast cell leukocytes. Consequently, inhibition by nedocromil sodium of IgE-dependent activation of human alveolar macrophages, blood monocytes and platelets, was investigated. This compound induced an inhibition of the IgE-mediated generation of cytotoxic molecules from monocytes and platelets, together with a concomitant inhibition of their oxidative metabolism, measured by chemiluminescence, and a reduction of the potential ability of alveolar macrophages to synthesize and release mediators, estimated by lysosomal beta-glucuronidase activity. These observations confirm the hypothesis that nedocromil sodium acts on a cell compartment other than the classical mast cell population, in IgE-dependent allergy and, more particularly, in asthma.