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Clinical Trial
. 2017 May;145(2):291-297.
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.02.040. Epub 2017 Mar 10.

A stratified randomized double-blind phase II trial of celecoxib for treating patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: The potential predictive value of VEGF serum levels: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study

Janet S Rader  1 , Michael W Sill  2 , Jan H Beumer  3 , Heather A Lankes  4 , Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook  5 , Francisco Garcia  6 , Connie Trimble  7 , J Tate Thigpen  8 , Richard Lieberman  9 , Rosemary E Zuna  10 , Charles A Leath 3rd  11 , Nick M Spirtos  12 , John Byron  13 , Premal H Thaker  14 , Shashikant Lele  15 , David Alberts  16
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

A stratified randomized double-blind phase II trial of celecoxib for treating patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: The potential predictive value of VEGF serum levels: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study

Janet S Rader et al. Gynecol Oncol. 2017 May.

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the effect of celecoxib on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN 3). This is a NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study with translational biomarkers.

Patients and methods: Patients with CIN 3 were randomized to celecoxib 400mg once daily (67 patients) or placebo (63 patients) for 14-18weeks. The primary outcome measure was histologic regression. A test of equal probabilities of success between two therapies was conducted, using Fisher's Exact Test at alpha=10% and 90% power when the treatment arm boosted the probability of success by 30%. Translational analysis included cervical tissue HPV genotyping, COX-2 expression in biopsies, and serum celecoxib and VEGF levels.

Results: In primary analysis, histologic regression was not significantly higher in the celecoxib group (40%) than in the placebo group (34.1%). However, exploratory analyses suggest patients with high serum VEGF levels exhibited greater regression in the celecoxib arm (47.3%) than in the placebo arm (14.3%). Regression rates were similar by treatment group in patients with low VEGF. VEGF levels increased over time in the placebo group, but remained the same in the treatment group. COX-2 expression in cervical biopsies declined from pre-treatment to the end of treatment with celecoxib; it did not change with placebo.

Conclusions: Celecoxib at 400mg once daily for 14-18weeks did not significantly decrease the severity of CIN 3 compared with placebo except, possibly, in subjects with high baseline VEGF. Therefore, serum VEGF levels might identify patients who may benefit from celecoxib or other therapies, personalizing future chemoprevention trials for CIN 3.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00081263.

Keywords: CIN 3; COX-2; Celecoxib; Cervix; Chemoprevention; VEGF.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

All other co-authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

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