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. 2017 Jan 28;7(3):318-323.
doi: 10.1002/2211-5463.12146. eCollection 2017 Mar.

A novel combination of four flavonoids derived from Astragali Radix relieves the symptoms of cyclophosphamide-induced anemic rats

Li Zhang  1 , Amy G W Gong  2 , Kashif Riaz  3 , Jun Y Deng  2 , Chih M Ho  4 , Huang Q Lin  5 , Tina T X Dong  5 , Yi-Kuen Lee  3 , Karl W K Tsim  5
Affiliations

A novel combination of four flavonoids derived from Astragali Radix relieves the symptoms of cyclophosphamide-induced anemic rats

Li Zhang et al. FEBS Open Bio. .

Abstract

By using a feedback system control scheme, the best combination of formononetin, ononin, calycosin, and calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside derived from Astragali Radix was shown to activate a hypoxia response element, a regulator for erythropoietin (EPO) transcription, in kidney fibroblast. In cyclophosphamide-induced anemic rats, the treatment of combined flavonoids, or EPO, improved the levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. In addition, the altered levels of antioxidant capacity, super oxidase dismutase, and malondialdehyde, triggered in anemic rats, were restored to control levels by the treatment of flavonoids. Here, we proposed a possible therapy by using the common flavonoids in treating anemia.

Keywords: feedback system control; flavonoids combination; hematological parameters.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Combined flavonoids on hematological parameters in anemic rats. Rats were injected with sterile water or with CYP (25 mg·kg−1) for 4 days. Then, the rats were divided into five groups. Normal: normal rats treated with sterile water (normal); Control: CYP‐treated rats with saline; EPO: CYP‐treated rats with EPO (75 IU·kg−1·day−1 body weight); CF: CYP‐treated rats with low dose (11.2 μmol·kg−1·day−1) or with a high dose of flavonoid combination (32 μmol·kg−1·day−1). The flavonoid mixture (32 μmol), containing 4 μmol formononetin, 4 μmol ononin, 20 μmol calycosin, and 4 μmol calycosin‐7‐O‐β‐d‐glucoside, was dissolved in saline. The number of red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), amount of hemoglobin, and the percentage of hematocrit were determined. Data are expressed as Mean ± SD, where n = 6–8. [*] where P < 0.05; [**] where P < 0.01 and; [***] where P < 0.001 as compared with control group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Combined flavonoids on antioxidative properties in anemic rats. The treatment of anemic rats, as well as the grouping, was carried out as in Fig. 1. The levels of antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC), super oxidase dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the rat serum. Data are expressed as Mean ± SD, where n = 6–8. [*] where P < 0.05; [**] where P < 0.01 and; [***] where P < 0.001 as compared with control group.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Combined flavonoids on serum level of IL‐2. The treatment of anemic rats, as well as the grouping, was carried out as in Fig. 1. The amount of IL‐2 was measured by ELISA. Data are expressed as Mean ± SD, where n = 6–8. [*] where P < 0.05 as compared with control group.
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