Genome sequence and description of Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the gut of patient with kwashiorkor

Abstract

Using the culturomics strategy, a wide range of anaerobic bacteria was discovered including Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis strain mt9^T (= CSUR P1511 = DSM 102954), isolated from the gut microbiota of a 1-year-old Senegalese patient with kwashiorkor. This Gram-negative strain is a strictly anaerobic, spore-forming rod motile by a polar flagellum. The 3 511 289 bp long genome of this strain contains 3046 protein-coding and 49 RNA genes, including 45 tRNA and four rRNA genes, and exhibits a G+C content of 52.94%. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation.

Keywords: Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis; culturomics; genome; human gut; taxonogenomics.

Fig. 1

Phylogenetic tree highlighting position of Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis strain mt9^T relative to other type strains. 16S rRNA sequences accession numbers are indicated in parentheses. Sequences were aligned by Muscle 3.8.31 with default parameters, and phylogenetic inferences were obtained using neighbour-joining method with 500 bootstrap replicates within MEGA6 software. Only bootstraps >95% are shown. Scale bar represents 0.01% nucleotide sequence divergence.

Fig. 2

Reference mass spectrum from Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis strain mt9^T.

Fig. 3

Gel view comparing Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis strain mt9^T to closely related genera. Gel view displays raw spectra of loaded spectrum files arranged in pseudo-gel-like look. X-axis records m/z value. Left y-axis displays running spectrum number originating from subsequent spectra loading. Peak intensity is expressed by greyscale scheme code. The color bar and the right y-axis indicate the relation between the color, the peak displayed and the peak intensity in arbitrary units. Displayed species are indicated on the left.

Fig. 4

Gram staining of Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis strain mt9^T.

Fig. 5

Electron micrographs of Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis strain mt9^T using Tecnai G20 transmission electron microscope (FEI Company) at operating voltage of 200 keV. Scale bar = 500 nm.

Fig. 6

Graphical circular map of genome. From outside to centre: contigs (red/grey), COGs category of genes on forward strand (three circles), genes on forward strand (blue circle), genes on reverse strand (red circle), COGs category on reverse strand (three circles), G+C content. COGs, Clusters of Orthologous Groups database.

Fig. 7

Distribution of functional classes of predicted genes according to clusters of orthologous groups of proteins of Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis strain mt9^T and other strains.