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. 2017 Feb 28;23(8):1434-1442.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i8.1434.

Proteomic profiling of fetal esophageal epithelium, esophageal cancer, and tumor-adjacent esophageal epithelium and immunohistochemical characterization of a representative differential protein, PRX6

Jun-Hui Guo  1 , Guo-Lan Xing  1 , Xin-Hui Fang  1 , Hui-Fang Wu  1 , Bo Zhang  1 , Jin-Zhong Yu  1 , Zong-Min Fan  1 , Li-Dong Wang  1
Affiliations

Proteomic profiling of fetal esophageal epithelium, esophageal cancer, and tumor-adjacent esophageal epithelium and immunohistochemical characterization of a representative differential protein, PRX6

Jun-Hui Guo et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Aim: To understand the molecular mechanism of esophageal cancer development and provide molecular markers for screening high-risk populations and early diagnosis.

Methods: Two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry were adopted to screen differentially expressed proteins in nine cases of fetal esophageal epithelium, eight cases of esophageal cancer, and eight cases of tumor-adjacent normal esophageal epithelium collected from fetuses of different gestational age, or esophageal cancer patients from a high-risk area of esophageal cancer in China. Immunohistochemistry (avidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase complex method) was used to detect the expression of peroxiredoxin (PRX)6 in 91 cases of esophageal cancer, tumor-adjacent normal esophageal tissue, basal cell hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ, as well as 65 cases of esophageal epithelium from fetuses at a gestational age of 3-9 mo.

Results: After peptide mass fingerprint analysis and search of protein databases, 21 differential proteins were identified; some of which represent a protein isoform. Varying degrees of expression of PRX6 protein, which was localized mainly in the cytoplasm, were detected in adult and fetal normal esophageal tissues, precancerous lesions, and esophageal cancer. With the progression of esophageal lesions, PRX6 protein expression showed a declining trend (P < 0.05). In fetal epithelium from fetuses at gestational age 3-6 mo, PRX6 protein expression showed a declining trend with age (P < 0.05). PRX6 protein expression was significantly higher in well-differentiated esophageal cancer tissues than in poorly differentiated esophageal cancer tissues (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Development and progression of esophageal cancer result from interactions of genetic changes (accumulation or superposition). PRX6 protein is associated with fetal esophageal development and cancer differentiation.

Keywords: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; Fetal esophageal epithelium; Proteomics; Tumor-adjacent esophageal epithelium.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no financial relationships to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of proteomic analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
2-D gel images for tumor-adjacent normal esophageal epithelial tissue, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue, and fetal esophageal tissue.
Figure 3
Figure 3
A typical differential protein spot in tumor-adjacent normal esophageal epithelial tissue, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue, and fetal esophageal tissue. The spot was rarely detected in normal esophageal epithelial tissue, but was overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and fetal esophageal tissues.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Peroxiredoxin 6 expression in different types of esophageal lesions (DAB, magnification × 200). NOR: Normal epithelium; BCH: Basal cell hyperplasia; DYS: Dysplasia; CIS: Carcinoma in situ.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Peroxiredoxin 6 expression in esophageal tissues from fetuses at a gestational age of 3-8 mo (DAB, magnification × 200).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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