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. 2016 Dec 22;4(12):e1146.
doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000001146. eCollection 2016 Dec.

Accurate Measurements of the Skin Surface Area of the Healthy Auricle and Skin Deficiency in Microtia Patients

Iris A Otto  1 , Rob F M van Doremalen  1 , Ferry P W Melchels  1 , Michail N Kolodzynski  1 , Behdad Pouran  1 , Jos Malda  1 , Moshe Kon  1 , Corstiaan C Breugem  1
Affiliations

Accurate Measurements of the Skin Surface Area of the Healthy Auricle and Skin Deficiency in Microtia Patients

Iris A Otto et al. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. .

Abstract

Background: The limited cranial skin covering auricular implants is an important yet underrated factor in auricular reconstruction for both reconstruction surgery and tissue engineering strategies. We report exact measurements on skin deficiency in microtia patients and propose an accessible preoperative method for these measurements.

Methods: Plaster ear models (n = 11; male:female = 2:1) of lobular-type microtia patients admitted to the University Medical Center Utrecht in The Netherlands were scanned using a micro-computed tomographic scanner or a cone-beam computed tomographic scanner. The resulting images were converted into mesh models from which the surface area could be calculated.

Results: The mean total skin area of an adult-size healthy ear was 47.3 cm2, with 49.0 cm2 in men and 44.3 cm2 in women. Microtia ears averaged 14.5 cm2, with 15.6 cm2 in men and 12.6 cm2 in women. The amount of skin deficiency was 25.4 cm2, with 26.7 cm2 in men and 23.1 cm2 in women.

Conclusions: This study proposes a novel method to provide quantitative data on the skin surface area of the healthy adult auricle and the amount of skin deficiency in microtia patients. We demonstrate that the microtia ear has less than 50% of skin available compared with healthy ears. Limited skin availability in microtia patients can lead to healing problems after auricular reconstruction and poses a significant challenge in the development of tissue-engineered cartilage implants. The results of this study could be used to evaluate outcomes and investigate new techniques with regard to tissue-engineered auricular constructs.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Mesh model based on CT scan. The surface of the original model is represented by small connecting triangles (faces), which all have their own surface areas. Accumulation of these areas provides an accurate measurement of the total surface area of the model.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
“Base method.” Boundaries used in the base method, where the ear model is cut out at its base for calculation of the auricular surface area of the healthy adult ear.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
“Fixed method.” Boundaries used in the fixed method, where a fixed domain around the respective ears enables quantification of skin deficiency.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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