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. 2017 Feb 15;34(1):Doc8.
doi: 10.3205/zma001085. eCollection 2017.

Validation of a German short version of the Attitudes towards Patient Safety Questionnaire (G-APSQshort) for the measurement of undergraduate medical students' attitudes to and needs for patient safety

Jan Kiesewetter  1 , Moritz Kager  1 , Martin R Fischer  1 , Isabel Kiesewetter  2
Affiliations

Validation of a German short version of the Attitudes towards Patient Safety Questionnaire (G-APSQshort) for the measurement of undergraduate medical students' attitudes to and needs for patient safety

Jan Kiesewetter et al. GMS J Med Educ. .

Abstract
in English, German

Introduction: Topics of patient safety are being taught increasingly within medical eudcation. To date, however, there is no suitable means of measuring the status quo of medical students' attitudes towards patient safety in German-speaking Europe. The German validation of a short version of the Attitude towards Patient Safety Questionnaire (G-APSQshort) is meant to fill this gap with the aid of two validation studies. Methods: In Study 1, item and reliability analyses were used to examine internal consistency as well as factorial structure. In Study 2, the measurement sensitivity of the G-APSQshort in detecting changes in attitudes was assessed. Results: Study 1 comprised N=83 participants (M=23.16 years; 21 female). Adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's α=.722-.903) was reached in 6 of the seven subscales. The factor analysis showed that the six extracted factors matched the theoretically conceived subscales. Study 2 comprised N=21 participants (M=26 years; 11 female). A multivariate analysis of variance showed that the differences before and after a short-term intervention were significant with medium effect size (F(1;16)=6.675; p<.05; η2=.29). Discussion: In six subscales, the G-APSQshort can be considered valid in respect to measuring point and change. It is hoped that regular and concerted implementation of measuring instruments such as the G-APSQshort will help to develop a common ground for data comparison among many different German-speaking medical faculties.

Hintergrund: Zunehmend sollen Themen der Patientensicherheit auch im Rahmen des Medizinstudiums gelehrt werden. Für eine Bedarfsanalyse existiert im deutschsprachigen Raum jedoch bisher kein geeignetes Messinstrument zur Erhebung des Status Quo von Einstellungen Medizinstudierender zum Thema Patientensicherheit. Die deutsche Validierung einer Kurzversion des Attitudes towards Patient Safety Questionnaire (G-APSQshort), soll diese Lücke anhand von zwei Validierungsstudien schließen.Methode: In Studie 1 wird mittels Item- und Reliabilitätsanalysen die interne Konsistenz, sowie die faktorielle Struktur überprüft. In Studie 2 wird die Messsensitivität des G-APSQshort zum Nachweis von Einstellungsveränderungen eingeschätzt.Ergebnisse: An Studie 1 nahmen N=83 Teilnehmer (M=23,16 Jahre; 21 Weiblich) teil. Von den insgesamt sieben Subskalen konnte bei sechs Subskalen ausreichende interne Konsistenz (Cronbachs α=.722-.903) erreicht werden. Die Faktorenanalyse ergab, dass die sechs extrahierten Faktoren mit den theoretisch konzipierten Subskalen übereinstimmen.An Studie 2 nahmen N=21 Teilnehmer (M=26 Jahre; 11 weiblich) teil. Eine Multivariate Varianzanalyse ergab, dass die Unterschiede vor- zu nach einer Kurzzeitintervention mit mittelgroßem Effekt signifikant geworden sind (F(1;16)=6,675; p<.05; η2=.29). Die Reliabilität der Differenzen der Messzeitpunkte war mit Cronbachs α=.615 ausreichend hoch.Diskussion: Der G-APSQshort kann in sechs Subskalen als messzeitpunkt- und veränderungsvalide gelten. Es ist zu hoffen, dass durch den regelmäßigen und konzertierten Einsatz von Messinstrumenten wie dem G-APSQshort eine gemeinsame Datenbasis vieler verschiedener deutschsprachiger medizinischer Fakultäten entsteht.

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Figures

Table 1
Table 1. Reliability, descriptive statistics and variance clarification of the scales measured as reliable.
Table 2
Table 2. Study 2 descriptive statistics for all subscales for both measuring points. The p-values refer to the post-hoc LSD tests of the MANOVA between both measuring points.
Figure 1
Figure 1. schematic overview of the creation of the final version of the G-APSQshort
Figure 2
Figure 2. Changes in individual scales of the G-APSQshort during the summer school “Errors in Medicine”
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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