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Review
. 2017:2017:3945403.
doi: 10.1155/2017/3945403. Epub 2017 Feb 20.

Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cardiovascular Regeneration: From Cell Priming to Tissue Engineering

Seung Taek Ji  1 , Hyunyun Kim  1 , Jisoo Yun  1 , Joo Seop Chung  2 , Sang-Mo Kwon  1
Affiliations
Review

Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cardiovascular Regeneration: From Cell Priming to Tissue Engineering

Seung Taek Ji et al. Stem Cells Int. 2017.

Abstract

The primary cause of death among chronic diseases worldwide is ischemic cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Recent evidence indicates that adult stem cell therapies involving cardiovascular regeneration represent promising strategies to treat cardiovascular diseases. Owing to their immunomodulatory properties and vascular repair capabilities, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are strong candidate therapeutic stem cells for use in cardiovascular regeneration. However, major limitations must be overcome, including their very low survival rate in ischemic lesion. Various attempts have been made to improve the poor survival and longevity of engrafted MSCs. In order to develop novel therapeutic strategies, it is necessary to first identify stem cell modulators for intracellular signal triggering or niche activation. One promising therapeutic strategy is the priming of therapeutic MSCs with stem cell modulators before transplantation. Another is a tissue engineering-based therapeutic strategy involving a cell scaffold, a cell-protein-scaffold architecture made of biomaterials such as ECM or hydrogel, and cell patch- and 3D printing-based tissue engineering. This review focuses on the current clinical applications of MSCs for treating cardiovascular diseases and highlights several therapeutic strategies for promoting the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in vitro or in vivo from cell priming to tissue engineering strategies, for use in cardiovascular regeneration.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they do not have any conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Therapeutic strategies of MSC-based tissue engineering. (a) Genetically modified MSCs are encapsulated into semipermeable microcapsules. This modified MSC secrete cytokine for homed stem cell. (b) Semipermeable microcapsules containing primed supporting cells. Secreted cytokines from primed supporting cells enhance MSC cellular function. (c) Engineered MSCs encapsulated into semipermeable microcapsules. MSCs secreted recombinant hormone such as glucagon-like peptide 1. Each semipermeable microcapsule is transplanted into infracted region of heart. (d) MSCs seeded on biomaterial-based patch. Multilayered cells as a cardiac patch for myocardial infraction.
Figure 2
Figure 2
3D printing-based tissue engineering for myocardiac infarction. (a) Casting a support frame with support ink. (b) MSC-laden ink is cast over the support ink. (c)-(d) 3D printing-based engineered tissues could be used for myocardiac infarction treatment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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