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Review
. 2017 May 15;595(10):3041-3051.
doi: 10.1113/JP272781.

Intracellular calcium release channels: an update

Gaetano Santulli  1   2 , Ryutaro Nakashima  1   2 , Qi Yuan  1   2 , Andrew R Marks  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

Intracellular calcium release channels: an update

Gaetano Santulli et al. J Physiol. .

Abstract

Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3 Rs) are calcium (Ca2+ ) release channels on the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR). Here we summarize the latest advances in the field, describing the recently discovered mechanistic roles of intracellular Ca2+ release channels in the regulation of mitochondrial fitness and endothelial function, providing novel therapeutic options for the treatment of heart failure, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Calcium; Diabetes mellitus; Heart failure; Hypertension; IP3R; Intracellular calcium release channels; RyR; excitation-contraction coupling.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Excitation–contraction coupling in skeletal muscle
Schematic representation of the functional role of type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) in the regulation of excitation–contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. There is no experimental evidence for a role of IP3Rs in this process; moreover, IP3Rs have been more characterized in myoblasts than in adult, differentiated cells. AC, adenylyl cyclase; βAR, β adrenergic receptor; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; Cav1.1, Ca2+ channel, voltage‐dependent, L type, α1S subunit, also known as dihydropyridine receptor; ETC, electron transport chain; PKA, protein kinase A; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SERCA, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Excitation–contraction and Ca2+ signalling coupling in cardiac muscle
Schematic representation of the functional role of intracellular Ca2+ release channels in the regulation of Ca2+ signalling and excitation–contraction coupling in cardiac muscle. AC, adenylyl cyclase; AKT/PKB, protein kinase B; βAR, β‐adrenergic receptor; Cav1.2, Ca2+ channel, voltage‐dependent, L type, α1C subunit; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; DAG, diacylglycerol; ERK, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase; ETC, electron transport chain; GPCR, G protein‐coupled receptor; IP3, inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate; IP3R, inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptor; JNK, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase; NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T‐cells; PIP2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RyR2, type 2 ryanodine receptor; SERCA, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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