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. 2017 Mar 17;9(3):296.
doi: 10.3390/nu9030296.

Serum Magnesium Concentrations in the Canadian Population and Associations with Diabetes, Glycemic Regulation, and Insulin Resistance

Jesse Bertinato  1   2 , Kuan Chiao Wang  3 , Stephen Hayward  4
Affiliations

Serum Magnesium Concentrations in the Canadian Population and Associations with Diabetes, Glycemic Regulation, and Insulin Resistance

Jesse Bertinato et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Total serum magnesium (Mg) concentration (SMC) is commonly used to assess Mg status. This study reports current SMCs of Canadians and their associations with demographic factors, diabetes, and measures of glycemic control and insulin resistance using results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey cycle 3 (2012-2013). Associations were examined in adults aged 20-79 years using linear mixed models. Mean SMCs and percentile distributions for 11 sex-age groups between 3 and 79 years (n = 5561) are reported. SMCs were normally distributed and differences (p < 0.05) among sex and age groups were small. Between 9.5% and 16.6% of adult sex-age groups had a SMC below the lower cut-off of a population-based reference interval (0.75-0.955 mmol·L-1) established in the United States population as part of the NHANES I conducted in 1971-1974. Having diabetes was associated with 0.04 to 0.07 mmol·L-1 lower SMC compared to not having diabetes in the various models. Body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, serum glucose and insulin concentrations, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance were negatively associated with SMC. This is the first study to report SMCs in a nationally representative sample of the Canadian population. A substantial proportion of Canadians are hypomagnesaemic in relation to a population-based reference interval, and SMC was negatively associated with diabetes and indices of glycemic control and insulin resistance.

Keywords: Canada; diabetes; glycemic regulation; homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; serum magnesium concentration.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Percentage of each sex and age group with a serum Mg concentration below 0.75 mmol·L−1. The total number of participants (n) examined for each sex-age group is shown in Table 1. F, females; M, males; y, years.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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