Population dynamics of stored-product mites

Abstract

Population fluctuation patterns were determined during 1959-70 in wheat bulks in 2 granaries typical of those used on Manitoba farms for 7 kinds of mites. The patterns were bradly similar in the 2 granaries. Outbreaks of all mites except Tarsonemus granarius and Aëroglyphus robustus were unaffected by the prolonged storage of grain; those of Acarus siro and Cheyletus eruditus occurred in unusually high numbers periodically every 2-5 years, whereas Glycyphagus destructor and Androlaelaps casalis were present in relatively low numbers from the first year of storage. A rise in T. granarius population corresponded with grain age and the succession of microfloral species. Tydeid mites occurred periodically.Pricipal component analyses of up to 26 variates including various fungal species on one grain bulk ecosystem provided a "kaleidoscopic" view of interrelations and dynamics of acarine populations in the grain bulks. The combination of correlated variates of which mites are a part, varied from year to year.Four factors that regulate acarine numbers, particularly those of A. siro and its natural predator C. eruditus, were identified. These are: (i) basic determinants (moisture, temperature, food, and the intrinsic rate of increase of the species); (ii) the main regulator (temperature); (iii) influencers (seed cracks, microflora, dockage, etc.); and (iv) seasonal and cyclic regulators (seasonality in temperature and several density-dependent factors). Generalized diagrams of prey-predator interactions and multivariate interrelations of each kind of mite are presented.