Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Jan-Jun;11(1):22-27.
doi: 10.4103/0973-6247.200765.

Antibody titers in Group O platelet donors

Anita Amar Tendulkar  1 , Puneet Ashok Jain  1 , Sanjay Velaye  1
Affiliations

Antibody titers in Group O platelet donors

Anita Amar Tendulkar et al. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2017 Jan-Jun.

Abstract

Background and objectives: The occurrence of hemolysis due to transfusion of ABO plasma-incompatible platelets (PLTs) is challenging. There has been no consensus for critical antibody titers in the transfusion community. This study was conducted to understand the trends of anti-A and anti-B antibody titer levels in O group donors and to identify any specific patterns of distribution in relation to age and gender.

Materials and methods: A total of 1635 Group O PLT donors were randomly selected for this prospective study. Serial 2-fold doubling dilutions were prepared for each sample to calculate the titer of anti-A and anti-B in a standard 96 well micro-plate. Tube technique was used for comparison with the microplate method for 100 samples.

Results: Out of 1635 donors, 1430 (87.46%) were males and 205 (12.54%) were females. The median titer for anti-A and anti-B was 128 with range from 4 to 2048. Spearman's correlation coefficient for microplate versus tube technique was estimated to be 0.803 (P < 0.01, two-tailed). 57.12% and 51.19% of all donors had titers ≥128 for anti-A and anti-B, respectively. The geometric mean of anti-A and anti-B was 155.7 and 137.28, respectively. The titers were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in female donors. An inverse relation between titer levels and age was seen.

Conclusion: Microplate can be used to perform titers in resource-constrained settings. Screening for critical titers in O group donors is essential as they are more implicated in hemolytic transfusion reactions. In the absence of a global consensus on this topic, institutes may need to formulate their own guidelines on handling ABO plasma-incompatible PLT transfusions.

Keywords: Antibody titers; O group; hemolytic transfusion reaction; platelet donor.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Frequency distribution of anti-A in all donors.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Frequency distribution of anti-B in all donors.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Age-wise distribution of anti-A in males.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Age-wise distribution of anti-B in males.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Age-wise distribution of anti-A in females.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Age-wise distribution of anti-B in females.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Lee EJ, Schiffer CA. ABO compatibility can influence the results of platelet transfusion. Results of a randomized trial. Transfusion. 1989;29:384–9. - PubMed
    1. British Committee for Standards in Haematology, Blood Transfusion Task Force. Guidelines for the use of platelet transfusions. Br J Haematol. 2003;122:10–23. - PubMed
    1. Fung MK, Downes KA, Shulman IA. Transfusion of platelets containing ABO-incompatible plasma: A survey of 3156 North American laboratories. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007;131:909–16. - PubMed
    1. Josephson CD, Mullis NC, Van Demark C, Hillyer CD. Significant numbers of apheresis-derived group O platelet units have “high-titer” anti-A/A, B: Implications for transfusion policy. Transfusion. 2004;44:805–8. - PubMed
    1. Quillen K, Sheldon SL, Daniel-Johnson JA, Lee-Stroka AH, Flegel WA. A practical strategy to reduce the risk of passive hemolysis by screening plateletpheresis donors for high-titer ABO antibodies. Transfusion. 2011;51:92–6. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources