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. 2017 Apr 15;64(8):1043-1051.
doi: 10.1093/cid/cix026.

Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Exhibits Dose-Response Protection Against Adverse Birth Outcomes Related to Malaria and Sexually Transmitted and Reproductive Tract Infections

R Matthew Chico  1 , Enesia Banda Chaponda  1   2 , Cono Ariti  3 , Daniel Chandramohan  1
Affiliations

Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Exhibits Dose-Response Protection Against Adverse Birth Outcomes Related to Malaria and Sexually Transmitted and Reproductive Tract Infections

R Matthew Chico et al. Clin Infect Dis. .

Erratum in

  • Erratum.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Jun 1;64(11):1635. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix293. Clin Infect Dis. 2017. PMID: 28460077 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

Background: We conducted a prospective cohort study in Zambia among pregnant women who received intermittent preventive treatment using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP).

Methods: We calculated the odds ratios (ORs) of adverse birth outcomes by IPTp-SP exposure, 0-1 dose (n = 126) vs ≥2 doses (n = 590) and ≥2 doses (n = 310) vs ≥3 doses (n = 280) in 7 categories of malaria infection and sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections (STIs/RTIs).

Results: We found no significant differences in baseline prevalence of infection across IPTp-SP exposure groups. However, among women given 2 doses compared to 0-1 dose, the odds of any adverse birth outcome were reduced 45% (OR, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36, 0.86) and 13% further with ≥3 doses (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.27, 0.68). Two or more doses compared to 0-1 dose reduced preterm delivery by 58% (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.27, 0.67) and 21% further with ≥3 doses (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.13, 0.35). Women with malaria at enrollment who received ≥2 doses vs 0-1 had 76% lower odds of any adverse birth outcome (OR, 0.24; 95% 0.09, 0.66), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis had 92% lower odds of any adverse birth outcome (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01, 0.64). Women with neither a malaria infection nor STIs/RTIs who received ≥2 doses had 73% fewer adverse birth outcomes (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.11, 0.68).

Conclusions: IPTp-SP appears to protect against malaria, STIs/RTIs, and other unspecified causes of adverse birth outcome.

Keywords: antenatal care; curable sexually transmitted infections; intermittent preventive treatment; malaria; sub-Saharan Africa..

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References

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