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. 2017:2017:7212985.
doi: 10.1155/2017/7212985. Epub 2017 Feb 27.

Comparison of the Protective Effects of Individual Components of Particulated trans-Sialidase (PTCTS), PTC and TS, against High Cholesterol Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in Rabbits

Shérrira M Garavelo  1 , Maria de Lourdes Higuchi  1 , Jaqueline J Pereira  1 , Marcia M Reis  1 , Joyce T Kawakami  1 , Renata N Ikegami  1 , Suely A P Palomino  1 , Nilsa S Y Wadt  1 , Abdelali Agouni  2
Affiliations

Comparison of the Protective Effects of Individual Components of Particulated trans-Sialidase (PTCTS), PTC and TS, against High Cholesterol Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in Rabbits

Shérrira M Garavelo et al. Biomed Res Int. 2017.

Abstract

Previous studies showed the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) and membrane-shed microparticles (MPs) in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. H&S Science and Biotechnology developed PTCTS, composed by natural particles from medicinal plants (PTC) combined with trans-Sialidase (TS), to combat MPs and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Our aim was to determine the effects of the different components of PTCTS in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis. Rabbits were fed with high cholesterol diet for 12 weeks and treated during the last 6 weeks with either vehicle, PTC, TS, or PTCTS. Lipid profile and quantification of MPs positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae and oxidized LDL antigens were carried out. Aortas and organs were then histologically analyzed. PTCTS reduced circulating MPs positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae and oxidized LDL antigens, reduced the plaque area in the abdominal aorta, and caused positive remodeling of the ascendant aorta. PTC caused positive remodeling and reduced plaque area in the abdominal aorta; however, TS had a lipid lowering effect. PTCTS components combined were more effective against atherosclerosis than individual components. Our data reinforce the infectious theory of atherosclerosis and underscore the potential role of circulating MPs. Therefore, the removal of Mycoplasma-derived MPs could be a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride circulating levels (mg/dL) at baseline (basal), pretreatment (pre), and posttreatment (post) collection and ΔT in the serum of negative control (CN), positive control (CP), and animals treated with PTCTS. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. N = 6 in each group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative images of histological analysis (H&E staining) of the ascending portion aortas of rabbits from each group. Negative control (CNeg), positive control (CPos), and animals treated with PTC, TS, or PTCTS.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Plaque area in the ascending, thoracic, and abdominal aortas from each group. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. N = 5-6 in each group. Negative control (CNeg), positive control (CPos), and animals treated with PTC, TS, or PTCTS.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Number of circulating microparticles (MPs) associated with antigens of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and oxLDL in animal plasma at baseline (basal), pretreatment (pre), and posttreatment (post) collection and ΔT in the serum of negative control (CNeg), positive control (CPos), and animals treated with PTCTS. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. N = 6 in each group.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Representative images of histological analysis (H&E staining) of livers of rabbits from each group. Negative control (CNeg), positive control (CPos), and animals treated with PTC, TS, or PTCTS. Magnification, ×10.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Representative images of histological analysis (H&E staining) of kidneys of rabbits from each group. Negative control (CNeg), positive control (CPos), and animals treated with PTC, TS, or PTCTS. Magnification, ×10.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Representative images of histological analysis (H&E staining) of spleen of rabbits from each group. Negative control (CNeg), positive control (CPos), and animals treated with PTC, TS, or PTCTS. Magnification, ×10.
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