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Meta-Analysis
. 2017 Sep 1;24(5):1014-1023.
doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocx014.

Effects of consumer-oriented health information technologies in diabetes management over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Da Tao  1 , Tieyan Wang  2 , Tieshan Wang  2 , Shuang Liu  3 , Xingda Qu  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Effects of consumer-oriented health information technologies in diabetes management over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Da Tao et al. J Am Med Inform Assoc. .

Abstract

Objective: To reveal the effects of consumer-oriented health information technologies (CHITs) on patient outcomes in diabetes management over time through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched 5 electronic databases (from database inception to July 2016) for studies that reported on randomized controlled trials examining the effects of CHITs on glycemic control and other patient outcomes in diabetes management. Data were analyzed using either meta-analysis or a narrative synthesis approach.

Results: Eighty randomized controlled trial studies, representing 87 individual trials, were identified and included for analysis. Overall, the meta-analysis showed that the use of CHITs resulted in significant improvement in glycemic control compared to usual care (standardized mean difference = -0.31%, 95% confidence interval -0.38 to -0.23, P < .001) in patients with diabetes. Specifically, improvement in glycemic control was significant at intervention durations of 3, 6, 8, 9, 12, 15, 30, and 60 months, while no significant differences were found at other time points reported. The narrative synthesis provided mixed effects of CHITs on other clinical, psychosocial, behavioral, and knowledge outcomes.

Conclusions: The use of CHITs appears to be more effective than usual care in improving glycemic control for patients with diabetes. However, their effectiveness did not remain consistent over time and in other patient outcomes. Further efforts are required to examine long-term effects of CHITs and to explore factors that can moderate the effects over time.

Keywords: diabetes management; health information technologies; meta-analysis.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Study search and selection procedures.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Overall meta-analysis results of the effects of the use of CHITs on reduction of HbA1c.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Effects of the use of CHITs on reduction of HbA1c over time.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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