Cancer Screening and Early Detection in the 21st Century

doi:10.1016/j.soncn.2017.02.002

Review

. 2017 May;33(2):121-128.

doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2017.02.002. Epub 2017 Mar 23.

Cancer Screening and Early Detection in the 21^st Century

Jennifer T Loud, Jeanne Murphy

PMID: 28343835
PMCID: PMC5467686
DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2017.02.002

Review

Cancer Screening and Early Detection in the 21^st Century

Jennifer T Loud et al. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2017 May.

. 2017 May;33(2):121-128.

doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2017.02.002. Epub 2017 Mar 23.

Authors

Jennifer T Loud, Jeanne Murphy

PMID: 28343835
PMCID: PMC5467686
DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2017.02.002

Abstract

Objective: To review the trends in and principles of cancer screening and early detection.

Data sources: Journal articles, United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) publications, professional organization position statements, and evidence-based summaries.

Conclusion: Cancer screening has contributed to decreasing the morbidity and mortality of cancer. Efforts to improve the selection of candidates for cancer screening, to understand the biological basis of carcinogenesis, and the development of new technologies for cancer screening will allow for improvements in cancer screening over time.

Implications for nursing practice: Nurses are well-positioned to lead the implementation of cancer screening recommendations in the 21^st century through their practice, research, educational efforts, and advocacy.

Keywords: cancer screening; decision-making; early detection; screening recommendations; sensitivity; specificity.

Published by Elsevier Inc.

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References

1. Byers T, Wender RC, Jemal A, Baskies AM, Ward EE, Brawley OW. The American Cancer Society challenge goal to reduce US cancer mortality by 50% between 1990 and 2015: Results and reflections. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(5):359–369. - PubMed
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1. Shieh Y, Eklund M, Sawaya GF, Black WC, Kramer BS, Esserman LJ. Population-based screening for cancer: hope and hype. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016;13(9):550–565. - PMC - PubMed
1. Fleshner K, Carlsson SV, Roobol MJ. The effect of the USPSTF PSA screening recommendation on prostate cancer incidence patterns in the USA. Nature reviews. Urology. 2017;14(1):26–37. - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Byers T, Wender RC, Jemal A, Baskies AM, Ward EE, Brawley OW. The American Cancer Society challenge goal to reduce US cancer mortality by 50% between 1990 and 2015: Results and reflections. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(5):359–369. - PubMed

[2] Byers T, Wender RC, Jemal A, Baskies AM, Ward EE, Brawley OW. The American Cancer Society challenge goal to reduce US cancer mortality by 50% between 1990 and 2015: Results and reflections. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(5):359–369. - PubMed

[3] Wilson JM, Jungner YG. Boletin de la Oficina Sanitaria Panamericana. 4. Vol. 65. Pan American Sanitary Bureau; 1968. Principles and practice of mass screening for disease; pp. 281–393. - PubMed

[4] Wilson JM, Jungner YG. Boletin de la Oficina Sanitaria Panamericana. 4. Vol. 65. Pan American Sanitary Bureau; 1968. Principles and practice of mass screening for disease; pp. 281–393. - PubMed

[5] Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR, et al. Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development. N Engl J Med. 1988;319(9):525–532. - PubMed

[6] Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR, et al. Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development. N Engl J Med. 1988;319(9):525–532. - PubMed

[7] Shieh Y, Eklund M, Sawaya GF, Black WC, Kramer BS, Esserman LJ. Population-based screening for cancer: hope and hype. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016;13(9):550–565. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Shieh Y, Eklund M, Sawaya GF, Black WC, Kramer BS, Esserman LJ. Population-based screening for cancer: hope and hype. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016;13(9):550–565. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Fleshner K, Carlsson SV, Roobol MJ. The effect of the USPSTF PSA screening recommendation on prostate cancer incidence patterns in the USA. Nature reviews. Urology. 2017;14(1):26–37. - PMC - PubMed

[10] Fleshner K, Carlsson SV, Roobol MJ. The effect of the USPSTF PSA screening recommendation on prostate cancer incidence patterns in the USA. Nature reviews. Urology. 2017;14(1):26–37. - PMC - PubMed

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Cancer Screening and Early Detection in the 21^st Century

Cancer Screening and Early Detection in the 21^st Century

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