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. 2016 Dec;9(2 Suppl):3-10.
doi: 10.1177/2051415816656121. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

Novel biomarkers for the detection of prostate cancer

Niels Asger Jakobsen  1 , Freddie Charles Hamdy  2 , Richard John Bryant  2
Affiliations

Novel biomarkers for the detection of prostate cancer

Niels Asger Jakobsen et al. J Clin Urol. 2016 Dec.

Abstract

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used as a biomarker in the detection of prostate cancer and for decision making regarding treatment options, response to therapy, and clinical follow-up. Despite its widespread use, it is well recognised that PSA has suboptimal performance as a screening tool due to poor specificity, resulting in high negative biopsy rates and potential 'over-diagnosis' and 'over-treatment' of clinically insignificant cancers. In particular, PSA does not reliably distinguish either cancer from benign prostatic conditions, or 'clinically significant' from 'indolent cancers', and it is inaccurate in predicting disease burden and response to treatment. There is an urgent demand for novel biomarkers to address these clinical needs. This article provides an update on the novel candidate biomarkers in development, which have shown potential for improving the detection of clinically significant cases of this malignancy.

Keywords: PSA; Prostate cancer; biomarker; detection; diagnosis; kallikrein panel; screening.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicting interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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