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. 2017 Mar 27;17(1):171.
doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1699-y.

Chemical composition and pharmacological activities of Pisum sativum

Md Nazmul Hasan Zilani  1 , Tamanna Sultana  2 , S M Asabur Rahman  2 , Md Anisuzzman  2 , Md Amirul Islam  2 , Jamil A Shilpi  2 , Md Golam Hossain  2
Affiliations

Chemical composition and pharmacological activities of Pisum sativum

Md Nazmul Hasan Zilani et al. BMC Complement Altern Med. .

Abstract

Background: Consumption of vegetables has been proven to be effective in the prevention of different diseases. Traditionally edible aerial part of Pisum sativum L. subsp. sativum (Fabaceae) is used to treat diabetes, heart diseases and as blood purifier. Present study was aimed to explore the traditional use of aerial parts of P. sativum as a source of antidiabetic agent. In addition, antioxidant activity and chemical composition was carried out.

Methods: Total polyphenol content was spectrophotometrically determined using Folin Chiocalteu's reagent while the flavonoids by aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. Identification of compounds of the extract was made through HPLC and LCMS. Antihyperglycemic activity was assessed by oral glucose tolerance test in mice. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging and reducing power assay.

Results: Total polyphenol and total flavonoids content were found to be 51.23 mg gallic acid equivalent and 30.88 mg quercetin equivalent per gram of dried plant extract respectively. Ellagic acid and p-coumeric acid were detected through HPLC. A total of eight compounds including naringenin, β-sitosterol were indentified through LCMS. In OGTT, extract (200 mg/kg bw) showed a 30.24% decrease (P< 0.05) in blood glucose levels at 30 min compared to the normal control. The extract showed IC50 value of 158.52 μg/mL in DPPH scavenging assay and also showed comparable reducing power.

Conclusion: Along with other compounds ellagic acid and β-sitosterol present in the extract may be responsible for its antioxidant as well as antihyperglycemic activities. Altogether these results rationalize the use of this vegetable in traditional medicine.

Keywords: Antidiabetic; Antioxidant; Ellagic acid; HPLC; LCMS; β-sitosterol.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
HPLC chromatogram of a standard mixture of polyphenolic compounds (peak 1: gallicacid, 2:(+)-catechin, 3:vanillic acid 4: caffeic acid 5: (−)-epicatechin 6: p-coumaric acid 7: rutin hydrate 8: ellagic acid 9: myricetin, 10: quercetin, 11: kaempferol)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
HPLC chromatogram of ethanol extract of P. sativum (peak 1: p-coumaric acid, 2: ellagic acid)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
LCMS chromatogram of the extract
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Percent reduction of blood sugar content by the different doses of extract
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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