Liver-Directed Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Overview of Techniques, Outcomes, and Posttreatment Imaging Findings

Abstract

Objective: The purposes of this article are to describe the indications, techniques, and results of arterially directed therapies and ablation and to review the imaging assessment of response and complications.

Conclusion: Most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are not eligible for surgery, and systemic treatments are suboptimal. Therefore, locoregional therapy plays a large role in this disease. Locoregional therapies include arterially directed therapies, ablation, and radiation therapy.

Keywords: RECIST; Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; ablation techniques; embolization; hepatocellular carcinoma.