Radiologic Approach to Musculoskeletal Infections

Abstract

Imaging is often used to establish a diagnosis of musculoskeletal infections and evaluate the full extent and severity of disease. Imaging should always start with radiographs, which provide an important anatomic overview. MRI is the test of choice in most musculoskeletal infections because of its superior soft tissue contrast resolution and high sensitivity for pathologic edema. However, MRI is not always possible. Alternative imaging modalities including ultrasound scan, computed tomography, and radionuclide imaging may be used. This article reviews the individual imaging modalities and discusses how specific musculoskeletal infections should be approached from an imaging perspective.

Keywords: MRI; Musculoskeletal infections; Necrotizing fasciitis; Osteomyelitis; Periprosthetic joint infection; Septic facet joint; Spondylodiscitis.