Update on Rome IV Criteria for Colorectal Disorders: Implications for Clinical Practice

Abstract

Purpose of review: The purpose of the review was to provide an update of the Rome IV criteria for colorectal disorders with implications for clinical practice.

Recent findings: The Rome diagnostic criteria are expert consensus criteria for diagnosing functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). The current version, Rome IV, was released in May of 2016 after Rome III had been in effect for a decade. It is the collective product of committees that included more than 100 leading functional GI experts. For functional bowel and anorectal disorders, the majority of changes relative to Rome III are relatively minor and will have little impact on clinical practice. However, notable changes with potential impact on clinical practice and research include the changes in the diagnostic criteria for IBS, the modified approach for subtyping of IBS, the view on functional bowel disorders as a spectrum of disorders, and the new definition of fecal incontinence. New features in the Rome IV diagnostic criteria for functional bowel and anorectal disorders will likely have modest influence on clinical practice, with a few exceptions.

Keywords: Fecal incontinence; Functional GI disorders; Functional anorectal disorders; Functional bowel disorders; Irritable bowel syndrome; Rome IV diagnostic criteria.