[Microendoscopic minimally invasive techniques in lacrimal surgery]

Abstract

Background: Lacrimation of the eye is a relatively common problem, the cause of which must be clarified by differential diagnostics. The most important symptom of a dysfunction of lacrimal drainage is epiphora.

Methods: Due to the enhancement and miniaturization of endoscopes, which were originally used in gastroduodenoscopy in the 1990s, it is possible to check the anatomical structure and visualize pathological changes of the lacrimal drainage system, which is only approximately 1 mm in diameter. As shown by the results, mechanical stenoses are often caused by recurrent chronic inflammation. A complete stenosis usually occurs only slowly due to dysregulation of the lacrimal unit.

Conclusion: In contrast to the assumptions that were valid before the implementation of microendoscopy, complete stenoses are often only punctate and do not stretch over long distances. Shortly after the introduction of microendoscopic diagnostics minimally invasive therapy techniques, such as laser dacryoplasty (LDP) and microdrill dacryoplasty (MDP) were established. These procedures have enabled for the first time preservation of the entire physiology of the lacrimal drainage pump system despite surgical intervention after recanalization.

Keywords: Dacryostenosis; Epiphora; Lacrimation; Laser dacryoplasty; Microdrill dacryoplasty.